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ISB 201 EXAM 4 TEST | 90 Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified
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ISB 201 EXAM 4 TEST | 90 Questions with100% Correct Answers | Verified
Weather - -Atmospheric conditions for a small geographic area over a short period of
time.
-Climate - -Weather patterns for large geographic areas over long periods of time.
-Main Factors Driving Earth's Weather & Climate? - --Temperature and Precipitation
-The sun is the source of temperature, and variations in temperature and precipitation
are responsible for patterns of climate.
-Layers of the atmosphere - -bottom to top: troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere,
thermosphere, exosphere
-Exosphere - --Highest layer of the atmosphere.
-The air is very thin consisting mainly of Hydrogen and Helium.
-Above the exosphere is "Outer Space"
-Thermosphere - --Air consists mainly of Hydrogen and Helium.
-Temperatures begin to warm due to gases absorbing solar radiation from the sun.
-Name the three Interactions between Light and Matter and explain - --Reflection:
Light is re-directed with no heat transformation
-Absorption: Light is absorbed by the gas and transformed to heat. (Laws of
Thermodynamics?)
-Transmitted: Most light passes through and only small amounts are absorbed and
transformed to heat
-Mesosphere - -'Falling stars' and meteors generally burn up in the Mesosphere due to
increased friction with atmospheric particles (matter).
-Stratosphere - --Almost no water vapor, but 90% of the Ozone (O3) occurs in this
layer.
-Ozone is only gas that absorbs ultraviolet radiation from the Sun protecting the surface
of the Earth damaging effects of UV rays.
-Troposphere - --75% of the atmosphere's mass.
Ranges from 10-25 km above Earth's surface.
(10,000 ft is appx. 3 km)
-All weather occurs in this layer (planes fly above it to avoid weather!).
, -The Oxygen-Carbon Cycle on Earth occurs through: - -Photosynthesis and aerobic
respiration
-Photosynthesis - --Takes in
Carbon dioxide, water, and light energy from the sun
-Releases/Produces
Oxygen / Sugar (glucose) with stored energy
-Aerobic Respiration - --Takes in
Sugar and Oxygen
-Releases/Produces
Carbon dioxide, water and heat
-Major events that shaped Earth's Atmosphere - --Early Volcanic Activity
-Arrival of Bacteria & Single-celled Plants
-Arrival of Multi-cellular Plants & Eukaryotes
-Volcanic activity: - -High volcanic activity releases soot and the following gasses into
the atmosphere:
-Carbon Dioxide
-Ammonia
-Water Vapor
- Methane
-Global Warming Potential (GWP) - -Measures the ability of heat to be absorbed and
trapped by specific gasses in the atmosphere.
-Methane will trap how many more times heat than CARBON DIOXIDE? - -21
-Evolution of Earth's atmosphere- 3-3.5 billion years ago - --Cyanobacteria emerge
(bluegreen algae) & perform photosynthesis
What does this do to the composition of gases in the Atmosphere?
-Evolution of Earth's Atmosphere- 2.1 billion years ago - -- More Cyanobacteria = more
Photosynthesis
- CO2 levels drop, O2 levels increase. PLUS, Nitrogen gas increases (O2 + Ammonia =
N2)
-Evolution of Earth's atmosphere- 2 billion years ago - -- Beginning of Oxygenated
Atmosphere!
-Red Earth Formations? Iron in rock + O2 = Rust.
-Evolution of Earth's atmosphere- 1.2 billion years ago - --Multi-cellular plants appear;
pulling more CO2 and producing more O2.
- Decomposing plants add more Nitrogen to the atmosphere.
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