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NR 283 Patho Exam 1 Study Guide (Version 2), NR 283: Pathophysiology, Chamberlain College of Nursing $15.49   Add to cart

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NR 283 Patho Exam 1 Study Guide (Version 2), NR 283: Pathophysiology, Chamberlain College of Nursing

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NR 283 Patho Exam 1 Study Guide (Version 2), NR 283: Pathophysiology, Chamberlain College of Nursing

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  • May 5, 2023
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  • 2022/2023
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NR 283 Exam 1 Study Guide



UNIT 1

 Cellular communication- when cells send and receive
messages to and from each other. These messages are in
the form of chemicals such as hormones and
neurotransmitters.


 Cellular respiration- process that releases energy by
breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the
presence of oxygen.


 Cell metabolism- sum of all chemical reactions in the cell.


 Cellular transport- movement of materials into and out of or
within a cell.


 Necrosis- (tissue death) sum of all cellular changes after
local cell death and the process of cellular autodigestion.

, Metaplasia- change in cell or tissue structure.
Reprogramming of stem cells and reversible replacement.


 Atrophy- wasting away of a body organ or tissue,
progressive decline or failure. ( older population)


 Hyperplasia- Abnormal increase in the number of cells (liver,
kidneys, alcoholism) ( hormonal hyperplasia in pregnancy)


 Dysplasia- abnormal development of growth of cells, tissues,
or organs. ( pap-smear)


 Injury- damage or destruction of cells that compose a
tissue, cell, or organs


 Asphyxial injury- caused by failure of celss to receive or
effectively use of oxygen. ( choking, strangulation,
drowning)


 Reperfusion injury- a form of hypoxic cell injury, caused by a
rush of oxygen coming back and generating free radicals


 Contusion- bruise


 Hematoma- swelling filled w/ blood

, Abrasion- scrape of the skin


 Blunt- force- trauma- tearing, shearing, or crushing of
tissues


 Hypoxia- an insufficiency of oxygen in the body’s tissues
( most common)


 Etiology- study of the cause of disease


 Pathogenesis- pattern of tissue changes associated w/
development of disease


 Iatrogenic- disease caused by a medical treatment


 Eukaryote- cell of higher animal and plants, many
chromosomes


 Prokaryotes- single- cell, one chromosomes


 Diagnosis- identifying/ naming the disease


 Prognosis- expected outcome of a disease

,  Acute- sudden onset and shout course


 Chronic – slowly develops (at least 4 months)


 Remission- symptoms relieved for a short time


 Exacerbation- symptoms become worse


 Cellular differentiation- process by which a cell becomes
specialized in order to perform a specific function( liver cell,
blood cell, neuron)


 Hypertrophy- abnormal enlargement of cells. (pregnancy,
pathogenic)


 Ischemia- a condition in which the supply of blood is
severely reduced


 Anoxia- absence of oxygen


 Apoptosis- type of cell death in which cell use specialized
cellular machinery to kill itself


 Somatic death- death of an entire person

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