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By: charliecheekster • 6 months ago
Some examples from this set of practice questions
1.
Personality
Answer: the patterns or thoughts and feeling as wells as the way we interact with our environment which makes us unique.
2.
Factors of personality formation
Answer: 1. Genetics 2. Past experiences 3. Nature of the situation. 4. Personal free-will
3.
Trait theory of personality
Answer: personality is determined by our genetics, traits are stable, enduring and predictable. Pros – behaviours can be predictable and enduring. Cons – doesn’t consider the environment therefore behaviour is not always predictable.
4.
Social learning theory of personality
Answer: personality is determined by our environment, traits are formed by those around us. Pros – It is true, bobo doll experiement reinforces theory. Cons – too simplistic, if true we would all be like our role models, twins can have completely different personalities.
5.
Interactionist theory of learning
Answer: mixture of trait and social learning theories, behaviours can be innate and predictable but can be modified in certain environments. Pros – most accurate theory to date, considers both theories of personalities.
Some examples from this set of practice questions
1.
Properties of a group
Answer: 1. Common goal. 2. Communication. 3. Unity. 4. Shared identity.
2.
Team cohesion
Answer: How well a team sticks together
3.
4 Stages of group formation
Answer: 1. Forming 2. Storming 3. Norming 4. Performing
4.
Forming
Answer: 1st stage - dependence on the leader, roles are unclear, getting to know each other and little cohesion between the group.
5.
Storming
Answer: 1. 2nd stage – period of conflict for roles, 2. cliques often form, 3. leader still makes most of the decisions and there are a few more clear roles in the group but still not many.
Some examples from this set of practice questions
1.
Aims of goal setting
Answer: 1. Directs the attention of the performer. 2. Increased effort of performer. 3. Increased motivation to try and achieve their goal(s). 4. Promotes learning new skills.
2.
SMART principle
Answer: Specific Measurable Achievable Recorded Timed
3.
Specific
Answer: the goal must be related to the sport as well as the sport e.g. to improve serving accuracy in tennis singles.
4.
Measurable
Answer: the goal must be assessable and monitored e.g. football drill will give a max of 20 shots.
5.
Achievable
Answer: the goal must be within the performer’s capabilities e.g. 18 out of 20 tennis first serves in a row for a pro ATP player.
Some examples from this set of practice questions
1.
Attributions
Answer: the reasons or excuses for a successful or unsuccessful outcome in sport.
2.
Weiner\'s model of attribution
Answer: 1. Ability is an internal, stable and uncontrollable attribution e.g. At the weekend we were way too strong for the opposition. 2. Task difficulty is an external, stable and controllable/uncontrollable attribution e.g. the opposition were bottom of the league. 3. Effort is an internal, unstable and uncontrollable attribution e.g. we trained for several days and gave it our all. 4. Luck is an external, unstable and uncontrollable attribution e.g. we won because of the referees decisions.
3.
Locus of causality
Answer: refers to whether the attributions come from, internal is from within the performer and external is the environment.
4.
Locus of controllability
Answer: an additional locus added in by Weiner, this locus refers to whether the performer can control these attributions or not.
5.
Locus of stability
Answer: refers to whether the attributions are changeable or not, stable is unchangeable and unstable is changeable.
Some examples from this set of practice questions
1.
Sports confidence (SC)
Answer: general belief an individual has to be successful in sport.
2.
Self-efficacy
Answer: self-confidence in specific situations.
3.
Self-esteem
Answer: feeling of self worth.
4.
Effect of sports confidence on performance in sport
Answer: Low sports confidence = weaker performance more likely. High sports confidence = stronger performance more likely.
5.
Effect of sports confidence on participation in sport
Answer: Low sports confidence = less likely to participate in sport. High sports confidence = more likely to participate in sport.
Some examples from this set of practice questions
1.
Examples of leaders in sport
Answer: 1. Captain. 2. Coach. 3. Managers. 4. Directors. 5. Physios. 6. Team psychologists
2.
Effective leadership qualities
Answer: 1. Good communication skills. 2. Flexible leading. 3. Motivated. 4. Enthuastic. 5. Empathetic. 6. Good at sport. 7. Knowledgable. 8. Organised. 9. Respected.
3.
Types of leaders in tennis
Answer: 1. Emergent 2. Prescribed
4.
Emergent leaders
Answer: Comes from within the group e.g. player is voted to be captain by the group.
5.
Pros of emergent leaders
Answer: 1. More accepted by the group. 2. They know the team better. 3. More approachable
Some examples from this set of practice questions
1.
Stress
Answer: Psychological state where physiological and psychological forces overwhelm our sense of well being.
2.
Impacts of stress
Answer: 1. Hormone - increased release of cortisol 2. Adrenaline - increased release of adrenaline = increased heart rate, blood pressure and energy. 3. Long term - increased risk of stroke or heart attack 4. Performance - stress tends to increase arousal therefore performance can be aided for hindered.
3.
Concept of stress
Answer: 1. Stressors - environmental changes that occur to trigger stress response 2. Stress response - physical changes due to stress 3. Stress experience - way we perceive the situation as a whole
4.
Causes of stress
Answer: 1. Frustration - feeling that a performer is unable to reach their goal because of poor performance. 2. Competition - if they need to win, stress levels rise to win 3. Conflict - personal problems on and off the pitch can interfere with other day to day tasks 4. Climate - too cold or hot conditions can put body under greater stress to perform.
5.
Cognitive stress management techniques
Answer: 1. Mental rehearsal 2. Imagery 3. Rational thinking 4. Positive self-talk 5. Negative thought stopping 6. Mindfulness 7. Goal setting
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