Anatomy is the study of the physical structure of living organisms. It involves examining the different parts of an organism, from the smallest cells to the largest organs and systems, and understanding how they are organized and function together. Anatomy is an important field in medicine and biol...
1. Anatomy and Physiology of the Urinary System
The functions of the urinary system are not just as simple as making urine
and getting rid of it I mean that is the primary function it's the removal of
metabolic wastes that's really what urine contains solid waste of course
would be in the fecal matter which is part of the digestive system.
The primary function is to filter blood and get rid of metabolic waste out
of your bodily fluids in addition to that you have the regulation of blood
volume and blood pressure. Two kidneys on either side of the spine
between the thoracic vertebrae at the bottom of the Thoracic curvature so
number 12 where your last ribs are found and down to about the third
lumbar vertebra.
The left kidney is slightly superior slightly higher to the right one they are
held in place by surrounding connective tissue. In a healthy individual over
one litre of blood flows through kidneys each minute of your life that's
incredible to think about because the average person has about five litres
of blood in their body or ten pints.
The term renal always applies to the kidneys the term renal.
2. Anatomy and Physiology of Vision
The eyelids and the palpebrae are made up of skin muscles and a very
very very tiny bit of fat but you could think of those as like windshield
wipers every time you blink they get a little bit of fluid over the surface
of the eye helping to clean the eye lubricate the eye.
When you get conjunctivitis the infection of the conjunctiva also called
pinkeye it's very noticeable and because of that infection you get
dilation of all the blood vessels you get swelling in that area and it can
be very irritating and very annoying. The lacrimal glands are those tear
producers and they are located in this region of the eye you're
producing about a millilitre of tears per day. The eye is formed by
several bones that make that you know classic looking eye socket and
cushion the eye.
, The outer fibrous tunic is the other nickname for it is incredibly fibrous
it's made up of a lot of connective tissue fibers mainly collagen and
elastin. The white part of the eye is called the sclera very hard it varies
in terms of the thickness and hardness to what part you're at. The
cornea is the most anterior frontal portion the part that you put a
contact lens on that's known as the cornea.
3. Anatomy and Physiology of Blood
Blood has numerous func0ons not just circula0ng fluids it's the transport of
nutrients sugars proteins lipids vitamins etc gases oxygen and co2 are among
them yes wastes. The way that hormones actually get to organs and cause them
to change something about their physiology is through blood regula0on of pH pH
has to do with acids vs. bases.
plasma is a yellow fluid the par0cles dissolved in the plasma are what give it that
yellow look. There are two globulin proteins, an0bodies and fibrinogen. The
proteins that you're feeding your cells with you your cells need proteins to
func0on and stay alive these proteins s0ck around in the blood.
How do blood cells get formed in your body where do they originate well chemo
Saito blasts tend to be hanging around in your bone marrow and hemocytoblast.
Red blood cells are shaped like concave discs but some of it has to do with the
fact they are enucleated.
4. Anatomy and Physiology of Embryological Fetal
Development
An overview of development from concep0on up to adulthood would go like this
it starts with fer0liza0on which is the moment of concep0on when sperm fuses
with egg you're going to get what's called a zygote that's the first cell of life then
from that point on it's embryo logical development un0l it becomes a fetus.
Fer0liza0on typically occurs within a day aIer ovula0on in the fallopian tube. The
egg hardens its exterior so that no other sperm can penetrate once that first one
has goJen through. Once a single sperm penetrates the zona pellucida there's an
immediate chemical reac0on that hardens the outside because you don't want
mul0ple sperm exi0ng or sorry entering rather one egg. Not quite a full-fledged
ovum it's actually arrested in meiosis 2. Meiosis 2 completes once that sperm has
entered and then also acts of enzymes and which increases metabolism. Healthy
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