Summary
Summary Class notes for crimes through the ages (BRD205)
- Course
- Institution
A summary of all the content covered in lectures.
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
jatijilani
Reviews received
Content preview
JJ2023BRD205NOTESBRD205: CRIME THROUGH THE
AGES
Definitions:
Crime: behaviours (acts or omissions or intention to act) which have been classified by the
state as criminal
Criminal law: deals with individual person, mainly deals with prohibitions addressed to
individuals which if violated would be punished by the state
Civil law: has a plaintiff and a defendant, damages or an order (fulfil actions promised)
International law: branch of law that governs the rights and responsibilities of states
International Criminal Law:
ICL is a set of international rules which prohibit:
- Certain categories of conduct and makes those people who engage in such conducts
liable - Allows or obligates states to punish such conducts
- Regulates proceedings of such crimes before international criminal courts - Victims
rights
Atavistic characteristics
- Smaller skulls with marked deformities
- Physically taller and heavier
- Darker skin, eyes and hair
- Large ears
- Protruding jaws
- Impaired muscular strength
- Lower sensitivity to pain (physical and emotional)
International Crimes:
1. War Crimes
2. Crimes against humanity
3. Genocide
4. Torture and aggression
War Crimes:
‘Serious violation’ of customary or treaty rules which belong to the body of IHL (the laws and
customs of war) of armed conflict:
- People not taking part in armed conflict
- Places
, JJ2023BRD205NOTES
- Means
- Specially protected people
- Using protected signs
- Children under 15
Crimes Against Humanity:
- Always been an international crime
- Victims are ‘all’ of the human race
- Origin of crimes against humanity:
● 1915- Armenians and the Ottoman empire -> crimes against Christianity and
civilization
● WWII and crimes against German civilians by the Nazis
● 1945 and persecution for political or racial misconduct, London agreed to
bring to
● trail those guilty of crimes against humanity -> nexus with crimes against
peace (war crimes), includes acts against human dignity
Characteristics of Crimes Against Humanity:
1. ‘Odious offences’ – attack on human dignity/grave humiliation, degradation
2. Widespread or systematic- not necessarily same offence
3. Can take place in time of war or peace – 1945 at time of armed conflict
4. Against civilians – under ‘customary intl. law’ against enemy combatants
Authors and Victims – who commits CAH?
- Government authorities, civilians – authors
- Any civilian population – victims:
● Also, of allied countries
● Previously excluded military but gradually expanded
CAH – Objective Elements:
1. Murder
2. Extermination – includes terrorist attacks
3. Enslavement
4. Deportation or forcible transfer of population by force or other coercive acts
5. Imprisonment or other sever deprivation of physical liberty
6. Torture – infliction of pain or suffering in the custody or under the control of the
accused
7. Sexual violence:
- Rape – physical invasion, sexual manner, force o Sexual slavery o Enforced
prostitution
- Forced pregnancy
- Enforced sterilisation
- Other
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller jatijilani. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75860 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now