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NATS 1670 - Part 2 | Questions And Solutions | Correctly Answered
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NATS 1670 - Part 2 | Questions AndSolutions | Correctly Answered
complete the central dogma: DNA --> RNA --> __________ --> phenotypes
Correct Ans - proteins
molecule: two or more _______ held together by chemical bonds Correct
Ans - atoms
what are nucleotides made of? Correct Ans - sugar, phosphate group,
nitrogenous base
nucleotides join to produce nucleic acids through the formation of what kind
of bond? Correct Ans - phosphodiester linkage/bond
between which groups on two sugars do phosphodiester linkages form?
Correct Ans - phosphate group on 5' carbon of one sugar and -OH
(hydroxyl) group on 3' carbon of another sugar
what are the complementary base pairs that occur through hydrogen bonding
in DNA? Correct Ans - A (adenine) bonds with T (thymine), G
(guanine) bonds with C (cytosine)
What does Chargaff state about complementary base pair ratios? Correct
Ans - in double stranded DNA, number of A=T, and number of G=C
DNA structure is in the form of a ____________, with a ______________ backbone
Correct Ans - double helix, sugar-phosphate
the double helix model for DNA was proposed by ... Correct Ans -
Watson and Crick, with the help of x-ray images by Rosalind Franklin
DNA backbone is polar because ... Correct Ans - phosphate carries a
negative charge
, Two functional roles of DNA Correct Ans - duplication (replication and
transmission during celling division), and information (sequence of
nucleotides carries info)
how is information contained in sequences of DNA released and expressed?
Correct Ans - sequences are transcribed to into RNA and turned into
proteins
Job of DNA helicase Correct Ans - unwinds DNA by breaking hydrogen
bonds between bases
Job of DNA polymerase Correct Ans - adds free nucleotides to growing
nucleotide strand, forms phosphodiester bonds between complementary
nucleotides
DNA polymerase needs __________ to initiate new DNA synthesis Correct
Ans - RNA primer
the new DNA in replication if formed in _________________ direction Correct
Ans - antiparallel to template strand, so 5' -----> 3'
the leading strand is synthesized ... Correct Ans - continuously towards
the replication fork
the lagging strand is synthesized ... Correct Ans - discontinuously, in
loops, away from replication fork
what forms on the lagging strand as a result of discontinuous replication?
Correct Ans - Okazaki fragments
_____________ joins Okazaki fragments together to create a continuous nucleic
DNA strand. Correct Ans - DNA Ligase
what is added to each tube contain in the Sanger Method of Sequencing?
Correct Ans - some template DNA, short primer, DNA polymerase, dNTPs,
and ONE type of didNTP that is radioactively labelled (A, T, G or C)
How does the Sanger Method of DNA Sequencing work? Correct Ans -
1. High temperatures break hydrogen bonds, turning DNA into single strands.
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