Who proposed the double helix model? Correct Ans - Watson and
Crick
,polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Correct Ans - A method of producing
thousands of copies of DNA segment using the enzyme DNA polymerase
DNA replication Correct Ans - The process in which DNA makes a
duplicate copy of itself.
DNA polymerase Correct Ans - require a template and a starter to
synthesize dna in the 5' to 3' direction
why is polymerase chain reaction important? Correct Ans - DNA
replication in a tube: a fundamental method in science
Why is genetic testing so fundamental? Correct Ans - identifying
infectious disease
components involved in protein synthesis Correct Ans - ribosomes,
tRNA, mRNA
Proteins are the active players in most cell processes Correct Ans -
enzymatic and regulatory
mRNA Correct Ans - template that is used to specify amino acid
sequence
complex of proteins and rRNA molecules Correct Ans - Ribosomes
Genetic code is a universal code used in the nuclear genome of most
organisms Correct Ans - 64 possible codons and 20 amino acids
Translocation Correct Ans - occurs when the ribosome moves down
the mRNA in the 5-3 direction
3 steps in elongation repeat down the length of mRNA Correct Ans - -
arrival of amino acid loaded tRNA
-peptide bond formation
-translocation
Polyribosomes Correct Ans - string of ribosomes, assembled along an
mRNA to increase the rate of protein production
, tRNA Correct Ans - transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids
to the ribosome
Mutation Correct Ans - any change in the DNA of a gene or
chromosome
length of human DNA cell Correct Ans - 2 meters
point mutation Correct Ans - gene mutation in which a single base pair
in DNA has been changed
Chromosomes Correct Ans - several levels of DNA packaging
COPD Correct Ans - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Lung cancer death Correct Ans - 87% of lung cancer deaths are from
smoking
how many human cells in body Correct Ans - 30 trillion
how many human genes in human body Correct Ans - 20,000
how many microbial cells are there? Correct Ans - 39 trillion
Immunology is the study of Correct Ans - protection from and
response to foreign invading organisms and altered host cells
How do you fight viruses? Correct Ans - activate immune system
fighting bacteria Correct Ans - synergism between antibiotics and
immune system
how many microbial genes Correct Ans - 2-20 million
flora and anatomical barriers Correct Ans - SKIN- outer layer, normal
flora, flushing (sweat), phospholipids, gastrointestinal tract; peristalsis, low
PH , Naso-pharynx; mucus, saliva, tears, flushing, lysosome.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller LeCrae. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $16.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.