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Los glúcidos

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Tema de los glúcidos. Presentación con información muy importante para la EVAU y los exámenes del curso.

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  • April 14, 2023
  • 92
  • 2021/2022
  • Presentation
  • Unknown
  • Secondary school
  • Bachillerato
  • 2
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Tema 2
Los glúcidos

, ÍNDICE
1. CARACTERISTICAS GENERALES

2. CLASIFICACION

3. MONOSACARIDOS

3.1. CARACTERISTICAS Y CLASIFICACION

3.2. ISOMERIA

3.3. CICLACION

3.4. PRINCIPALES MONOSACARIDOS

4. HOLOSIDOS

4.1. OLIGOSACARIDOS

4.1.1. DISACARIDOS

4.2. POLISACARIDOS

4.2.1. HOMOPOLISACARIDOS

4.2.2. HETEROPOLISACARIDOS

5. HETEROSIDOS

6. FUNCION DE LOS GLUCIDOS
O

, 1. CARACTERÍSTICAS
GENERALES
O Los glúcidos son biomoléculas orgánicas que están

formadas principalmente por C, H y O.

O Su formula general empírica es CnH2nOn = n(CH2O), lo

cual hizo pensar que estaban formados por átomos de
carbono hidratados y por ello se les conoce con el
nombre de hidratos de carbono o carbohidratos, hoy
se sabe que no es así y por lo tanto este nombre no es
correcto aunque se sigue utilizando.

, O Desde el punto de vista químico los glúcidos son polialcoholes
(tienen varios grupos alcohólicos o hidroxilos -OH) con un
grupo carbonilo que puede ser aldehído o cetónico. Por ello
podemos decir que son polihidroxialdehídos o
polihidroxiacetonas.




O El termino glúcidos con que se conocen estos compuestos deriva
del griego "glykos" que significa dulce, esto puede conducir a
confusión puesto que no todos tienen sabor dulce.

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