ASSIGNMENT TASK - Learning aim B; Examine the transmission of infectious diseases and how this can be prevented
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Course
Unit 12 - Diseases and Infections (UNIT12)
Institution
PEARSON (PEARSON)
Produce a blog or newsletter evaluating the work of the national or international charity you are working for and the strategies they use in their efforts to control the spread of infectious diseases. Your blog or newsletter must evaluate the strengths and weaknesses, advantages and disadvantages ...
TRANSMISSION OF INFECTIOUS
DISEASES
INTRODUCTION
In this report, what will be looked at is international charities that provide support to people
suffering the effects of armed conflicts, natural disasters or epidemics such Ebola. The
charity runs long-term projects to tackle the global health crisis. This report gathers
information regarding the causes and transmission of infectious diseases and the method
being used to combat the spread of these diseases to inform the charity’s publication,
newsletters and blogs.
HOW CAN INFECTIOUS DISEASES BE SPREAD?
It can be spread when disease-causing pathogens transmit from an infected person to a
healthy person by:
direct physical contact with blood or bodily fluids
direct contact infections occur
Infections can be transmitted through physical contact, this can be head lice, it can be
transmitted through hanging out with friends or close contact with someone.
Infectious diseases can also be transmitted by
kissing
sexual contact
contact with oral secretions
and contact with bodily lesions are all examples of direct contact
When an infected individual sneezes or coughs, infectious droplets enter the air and spread
through indirect contact. Healthy people are at risk of becoming unwell if they inhale the
infected droplets or if the contaminated droplets land directly in their eyes, nose, or mouth.
Droplets generally travel three to six feet before landing on surfaces or objects such as
tables, doorknobs, and telephones. Healthy individuals touch infected things with their hands
before touching their eyes, nose, or mouth.
, FROM ANIMAL TO HUMAN
Getting bitten or scratched by an infectious animal, even if it is a pet, can make you sick and,
in severe cases, be fatal. Handling animal manure may also be dangerous. For example,
scooping your cat's litter box might result in a toxoplasmosis infection.
UNBORN CHILD’S MOTHER
A pregnant woman may spread infectious disease-causing bacteria to her unborn child.
Certain microorganisms can cross the placenta or enter breast milk. During birth, germs in
the vagina might potentially be passed to the infant.
INSECT BITES
Certain pathogens rely on insect carriers to spread from host to host, such as mosquitoes,
fleas, lice, or ticks. Vectors are the names given to these carriers. Mosquitoes can transmit
the malaria parasite and the West Nile virus. The bacteria that causes Lyme disease may be
carried by deer ticks.
FOOD CONTAMINATION
Germs that cause disease can infect you through contaminated food and drink. Germs can
be disseminated to a great deal of people using this technique of transmission. For example,
Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a bacteria found in or on some foods, such as raw hamburger or
unpasteurized fruit juice.
There are roots on how infectious disease is transmitted and they are:
Water-borne Infectious diseases that are spread through contaminated drinking water
disease which can cause diarrhoeal disease and typhoid fever. This is due to the
lack of sanitation and hygiene.
Air-borne Pathogens that are spread through compelling exposed particles that are
disease from sneezing, coughing or even talking.
Foodborne When someone consumes contaminated food or drinks, food can be
diseases contaminated by a wide range of disease-causing germs or pathogens,
resulting in a wide range of foodborne diseases.
This is evidence for P3 - explaining how infectious diseases can be transmitted.
PREVENTION
Antibiotics Medication that destroys or slows down the growth of bacteria.
Antimalaria A type of antiparasitic chemical agent, often naturally derived that can be used
l to treat it to prevent malaria.
Antiviral A class or medication used for treating viral infections.
Vaccination Type of medicine that trains the body’s immune system to fight a disease, by
causing the body’s white blood cells to produce antibodies by killing the
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