Summary AQA Psychology A level Memory detailed notes
5 views 0 purchase
Course
Memory
Institution
AQA
Easy to read, detailed exam notes for the memory topic in AQA Psychology A level. Written by a four A* student. Covers the entire memory spec with detailed examples, positives and negatives and full evaluations.
Baddeley (1966) - more mistakes when recalling acoustically-similar words straight after learning
them - more mistakes when recalling semantically-similar words 20 minutes after learning them
(LTM recall).
Capacity = volume of info kept in any memory store at any one time.
1. STM = 7 +/- 2 items
2. LTM = unlimited
EXAMPLE
Miller’s predisposed to learning groups of 7 – backed by Jacob’s research
Duration = amount of time info stored in each memory store.
1. STM is 18-30 seconds
2. LTM is unlimited,
EXAMPLE
Petersen et al – STM – 24 undergrads - increasing retention intervals decreased the accuracy of
recall of consonant syllables when counting down from a 3-digit number
Bahrick et al – LTM - photo recognition of graduating classmates of the 396 participants decreased
from 90% to 70% between 15 years and 46 years of graduating.
Positives
Meaningful stimuli & methodology with high mundane realism - Bahrick = high eco valid =
generalised to real-life - stimuli reflects things remembered in everyday life
, Negatives
Low mundane realism - Petersen et al and Miller et al = less eco valid - of artificial stimuli –
not every day learning experiences - limits generalisability
Modern research support against - Miller - over-exaggerated the capacity of STM – similar
to 4 - outdated methodologies adopted by Miller + lack of control over confounding
variables
The Multi-Store Memory Model (MSM) - represents how
memory is stored, transferred, retrieved and forgotten.
There are 3 stores:
1. sensory register – contains sub-store for each of the senses (echoic) – huge capacity but
duration >1 sec
2. short- term memory – acoustically encoded – capacity 7+/-2 – duration 18-30 secs
3. long-term memory – semantically encoded – unlimited capacity – unlimited duration
Repeat new info to ourselves
– prolonged repetition
passes to LTM
Maintenance
loop
Positives
Acknowledges qualitative differences between STM and LTM by representing them as
separate stores - STM is encoded acoustically, whilst LTM is encoded semantically an –
accurate view of STM/LTM supported by Baddeley and Miller
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller immlane. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $6.11. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
