NZ Nursing STATE EXAM 2023 with complete solution
what are the 9 ethical principles?
-Autonomy
-Beneficence
-Non-maleficence
-Justice
-Confidentiality
-Veracity
-Fidelity
-Guardianship of the environment
-Being professional
What are the 7 Maori Ethical Principles?
-Rangatiratanaga
-M...
nz nursing state exam 2023 with complete solution what are the 9 ethical principles autonomy beneficence non maleficence justice confidentiality veracity fidelity guardianship of the environ
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NZ Nursing STATE EXAM 2023 with complete solution
what are the 9 ethical principles?
-Autonomy
-Beneficence
-Non-maleficence
-Justice
-Confidentiality
-Veracity
-Fidelity
-Guardianship of the environment
-Being professional
What are the 7 Maori Ethical Principles?
-Rangatiratanaga
-Manaakitanga
-Tika
-Whanaungatanga
-Wairuatanga
-Kotahitanga
-Kaitiatanga
Define Rangatiratanga
Self-determination and right to determine destiny.
Define Manaakitanga
Showing kindness, treating people with respect, caring for others, nurturing
relationships.
Define Tika
Importance of truth, justices, fairness and rights.
Define Whanaungatanga
Process of establishing relationships, whanau connection
Define Kotahitanga
Unity, togetherness, solidarity and collective action.
Define Wairuatanga
Understanding and believing there is a spiritual existence in addition to the physical.
Define Kaitiatanga
Guardianship or stewardship
Define veracity
honest and truthfulness
Define fidelity
obligation to remain faithful to one's commitment to others
What is principle 1 from Code of Conduct
Respect the dignity & individuality of health consumers
What is principle 2 from Code of Conduct
Respect the cultural needs & values of health consumers
What is principle 3 from Code of Conduct
Work in partnership with health consumers to promote and protect their well-being
What is principle 4 from Code of Conduct
,Maintain health consumer trust by providing safe and competent care
What is principle 5 from Code of Conduct
Respect health consumers privacy and confidentiality
What is principle 6 from Code of Conduct
Work respectfully with colleagues to best meet health consumer needs
What is principle 7 from Code of Conduct
Act with integrity to justify health consumers' trust
What is principle 8 from Code of Conduct
Maintain public trust & confidence in the nursing profession.
Define Asthma
Chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterised by reversible airway
obstruction.
Name the 3 characteristics of asthma
-Wheezyness
-Chest tightness
-Cough
Name common triggers for asthma
-Tobacco
-Pollutants
-Exercise
Describe the Pathophysiology of Asthma
Smooth muscles constrict in the bronchioles, airways become inflamed, mucus
production increases
Common medications used to treat Asthma
Short acting bronchodilator: Salbutamol & terbutaline
Long acting bronchodilator: Salmeterol
Describe COPD
Chronic Obstruction of Pulmonary Disease: Progressive development of airflow
limitation that is not fully reversible and obstruction of the lung parenchyma occurs.
Define Emphysema
Destruction of the alveolar walls, producing large air spaces within the lungs, loss of
lung elasticity and air trapped = decreased surface area of lungs = decrease air
exchange
Define Chronic Bronchitis
When inflammation and blockage destroys cilia in the lungs = airflow resistance =
increase of work of breathing.
What are the complications of COPD?
Co-mordbidities such as pneumonia, heart disease,
What is Heart Failure?
When the heart is unable to pump and supply sufficient blood to the body needs
Definition of Shock
It is a syndrome characterised by tissue ischemia from decreased peerfusion and
impaired cellular metabolism
What are the 3 causes of cardiogenic shock?
, -primary ventricular ischemia caused by MI
-structural problems
-Arrhythmias
What does the 3 causes of cardiogenic shock result in?
systolic dysfunction: ineffective forward movement of blood. This leads to decrease in
stroke volume and cardiac output = decrease in cellular oxygen supply, tissue perfusion
and impaired cellular metabolism.
What are the two types of hypovolaemia ?
-Absolute hypovolaemia: Fluid loss from haemorrhage, GI loss or great big fistula.
-Relative Hypovolaemia: When fluid moves from vascular space to extra vascular space
What is the pathophysiology of hypovolaemic shock?
Decrease in circulating volume, venous return, stroke volume, cardiac output, cellular
O2 supply, tissue perfusion and impaired cellular metabolism.
What are the four stages of Labour?
-The cervix opens to 10cm dilated
-The baby moves through the vagina and is born
-The placenta is delivered
-Rest & recovery
How long do you monitor the mother after birth and what do you monitor for?
Must monitor the mother 1-2 hours postpartum to detect haemorrhage or hypovolaemia
Why do new borns need vitamin K?
We administer vitamin K via vastus lateralis because newborns cannot synthesise
vitamin K in the intestines without the bacterial flora.
What is the use of Pitocin?
Pitocin is given to the mother after birth to help with involution when the size of the
uterus returns to pre-pregnant state.
What are the conditions of labour stimulation?
-Longitudinal lie
-At least 39 weeks or fatal lung maturity
-The mother must also have a ripe cervix (soft and supple) before she is induced
What are the methods of labour stimulation?
-Breast stimulation
-Amniotomy (artificial rupture of the membrane)
-Oxytocin administration (stimulates the uterus muscles to contract)
-Drugs containing prostaglandins
What is the Fetal Development stages?
-Pre-embroyonic (fertilisation to 3 weeks)
-Embryonic period (4-7weeks), organ system forms and the embryo is vulnerable to
injury by maternal drug use, maternal infection & other factors
-Fetal period (week8-birth)
What is oestrogen's purpose in pregnancy?
Stimulates uterine development, by maintaining a suitable environment for the foetus
What is Progesterone purpose?
Reduces uterine muscle irritability & prevents spontaneous abortion of the foetus.
What is Chadwicks sign in relation to pregnancy
When the vagina changes from pink to voilet
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