Summary
Summary Skeletal muscle histology notes
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Lecture notes from Manchester MBChB skeletal muscle histology session
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Arrangement of skeletal muscle Skeletal muscles
o Moves and stabilises the skeleton
o Forms sphincters in digestive system and urinary tracts
o Involved in respiration
Characteristics
o Long, cylindrical cells
o Striated (appear striped)
o Multiple peripherally located nuclei
o Innervated by somatic nervous system
Arrangement
o Endomysium
Connective tissue layer surrounding single muscle fibre
o Fascicle
Bundle of muscle fibres
Surrounded by perimysium (connective tissue layer)
o Muscle
Group of fascicles
Surrounded by epimysium (connective tissue)
Muscle fibres and muscle spindle
Slow twitch (type 1)
o Involved in aerobic respiration
o Generate more ATP for continuous, extended contraction
o Fire more slowly
o Resist fatigue
o Rich in mitochondria and myoglobin
Appear dark red in vivo of some species
o E.g. postural muscles
Fast twitch (type 2)
o Use anaerobic respiration
o Good for short bursts of strength of speed
o Fatigue quickly
o Few mitochondria and little mitochondria
o Type 2a = intermediate fast twitch
Use both aerobic and anaerobic respiration
o Type 2b
Use only anaerobic resp
Both fibre types in all muscles
o All the fibres of a single motor unit are of the same type
o Motor unit = LMN with all the fibres it innervates
o Darker stained fibres are usually aerobic
Muscle spindle
o Sensory stretch receptor
Detects fibre length
o Lies in parallel to muscle fibres
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