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DVA 2603 ASSIGNMENT 2 (2023)
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DVA 2603ASSIGNMENT 2
OPTION 2
DISCUSS BOTH THE POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES OF
URBANISATION ON DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICAN CITIES.
Introduction
Urbanization is the movement of people from rural areas to urban areas, the
expansion of cities and towns. It is the process by which cities grow as a higher
percentage of the population comes into the city. Urbanization includes a complex
set of economic, demographic, social, cultural, technological and ecological
processes that increase the share of the population in a certain territory. who lives in
towns and cities. Urbanization is often discussed in countries that are currently in the
process of industrialization and urbanization, but all industrialized nations have
experienced urbanization at some point in their history. Moreover, urbanization is on
the rise worldwide.Urbanization also refers to the growth of towns and cities as
people move from rural areas to urban centers in the hope of a better life. Now, in
most regions of the world, the percentage of the total population living in urban areas
is increasing. Therefore, urbanization can also progressively increase the number of
people living in cities.
Urbanisation in South Africa
More than half of South Africa's population is urbanized: up to 64% of South Africans
live in rural urban centres. Most of these people are under 40 years of age. The
famous South African research team highlighted the status of the main states of
South Africa. South Africa is moving at a fast pace and the big cities are under a lot
of pressure. The five capitals are home to more than 15 million inhabitants.
Johannesburg, Cape Town and Durban are known for their affordability and healthy
businesses, but the country's social and economic challenges are an obstacle for
, companies looking to enter these cities. The perception of the states is reflected in
the country's brand and reputation. According to Brand South Africa, this means that
what cities offer to residents and to the world plays a significant role in shaping the
reputation and competitiveness of the entire region. As of 2021, more than 67.85
percent of the total population of South Africa lived in urban areas and cities.
Urbanization is defined as the proportion of the urban population in the total
population of the country. Then the urbanizations, the population density in the
nation increased, the population reached 40 kilometers, that is, more people sharing
less space. Many opportunities for work and leisure can be found in the urban areas
of South Africa and therefore it has five largest municipalities, which now have a
population of over three million.
Theory of urbanisation
The Theory of Self-Generated Urbanisation
This theory suggests that the event of urbanization requires two separate
conditions, which are the creation of surplus products that support people in non-
agricultural activities (Hawley, 2021) and the achievement of a level of social
development that allows for large communities work only successfully (Bodo, 2015).
These types of changes that resulted in urbanization are thought to have occurred at
the same time as the Neolithic, when the first cities emerged in the Near East
(Wheatley, 2017). This theory also claims that rural-to-urban migration was the origin
of this form of urbanization where people began moving to cities to work in factories
(Childe, 2020). Therefore, industrialization is known as the driving force behind the
movement of people from rural areas to urban areas. Before the Industrial
Revolution in Britain in the 20th century, historical evidence showed that no society
could be described as urbanized. After this period, the West began to industrialize
more rapidly and soon after the acceleration of industrialization and then
urbanization in the rest of the world in the last century to the present. This view
concludes that the industrial system brings urbanization. This theory has also been
challenged by rural-urban shifts within counties as a source of urbanization, while
other city-states rely on other factors, and not necessarily through rural-urban
migration (Davis, 2012).
Positive effects of urbanization in developing African states
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