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Summary Full human anatomy and physiology
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Anatomy and Physiologyof Urinary System
Introduction
The functions of the urinary system are not just as simple as making urine
and getting rid of it I mean that is the primary function it 's the removal of
metabolic wastes that 's really what urine contains solid waste of course
would be in the fecal matter which is part of the digestive system. The
primary function is to filter blood and get rid of metabolic waste out of
your bodily fluids in addition to that you have the regulation of blood
volume and blood pressure. Two kidneys on either side of the spine
between the thoracic vertebrae at the bottom of the Thoracic curvature so
number 12 where your last ribs are found and down to about the third
lumbar vertebra. The left kidney is slightly superior slightly higher to the
right one they are held in place by surrounding connective tissue. In a
healthy individual over one litre of blood flows through kidneys each
minute of your life that's incredible to think about because the average
person has about five liters of blood in their body or ten pints. The term
renal always applies to the kidneys the term renal.
A glomerulus is a bundle of capillaries and they go into this little capsule
and then you have certain items water ions etc moving across into the
capsular space which then leads to these little tubes these little tubules. 1.
25 million nephrons per kidney and 2. 5 million microscopic little amazing
filters getting the job done. Fenestrated capillaries make it very easy for
stuff to quickly pass through that small enough to fit through. Water and
solutes coming through here and that's eventually going to be urine but at
this point as you go through this tube you can suck out because of osmosis
in diffusion some of the nutrients ions water and plasma proteins that
happen to come in there. There is some final filtration that happens here
secretion and reabsorption and then you finally get to what's called the
collecting system. concentrated urine passes through the collecting duct
this purple region which merges into papillary ducts. The collecting system
gets all the different collections that you're in collected from the different
nephrons in this region and finally empty into what 's called the minor
calyx.
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