Class notes
Apuntes Farmacologia
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Apuntes de antimicóticos, antibióticos, AINES, tratamiento para el cáncer, antiarrítmicos y más.
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AINES→ Principal causa de gastritis aguda.
→ Inhiben la agregación plaquetaria.
→ Hepatotoxicidad → Acetaminofen.
→ Puede causar Insuficiencia renal aguda.
→ Inhiben las ciclooxigenasas COX1 - COX2
● Ibuprofeno (1.2 - 2.4 gr) o (400 - 800 mg) V 1⁄2 6hr.
● Naproxeno
● Diclofenac → cardiotoxico → 150 -200 mg V½ 1-2 hr.
● Ketorolac
● Meloxicam → V1/2 15-20 hr. Altas dosis usada para artritis reumatoidea
● Coxib → Celecoxib. para dolor agudo o artritis
● Acetaminofen → 325-650 mg V 1⁄2 2 hr → Antídoto → N-acetilcisteína.
● Voltaren + betametasona: hepatotóxicidad
Opioides → Cuando el dolor no responde a AINES
→ Receptores opioides asociados a proteina G
→ Receptores opioides (MU, Delta, Kappa, Orfanina)
→ Causan dependencia y depresión respiratoria.
→ Antídoto → Naloxona (sólo si hay depresión respiratoria).
→ Tienen techo analgésico, es decir, a mayor dosis, no hay más efecto terapéutico
● Actividad mixta:
➔ Petidina
➔ Tramadol
➔ Tapentadol
● Actividad fuerte/potentes
→ Morfina.
→ Fentanilo.
→ Hidromorfona.
● Actividad intermedia
→ Buprenorfina (parches).
→ Nalbufina.
● Actividad débil
→ Codeína.
→ Dextropropoxifeno.
, Farmacologia coronaria
MONAB → Morfina, Oxígeno, Nitroglicerina, Aspirina, Betabloqueadores/
Antagonistas de canales de Ca+.
Nitratos → Producen dilatación de la Art. coronaria
● Nitroglicerina
● Dinitrato de isosorbide.
→ Liberan óxido nítrico que dilata las coronarias.
Betabloqueadores
→ ↑ Flujo sanguíneo.
→ ↓ Consumo de O2.
● Acción periférica
→Carbedilol.
● Acción central
→ Metoprolol.
Aspirina → ↓ preeclampsia en mujeres con Fx de riesgo.
Estatinas → Previenen la remodelación cardiaca
● Atorvastatina → ↓ Trombosis.
Bloqueadores de canales de Ca+ dihidropiridínicos → Producen vasodilatación.
↓ FC.
↓ Postcarga.
↓ Demanda de O2.
↓ Contractilidad.
● Diltiazem.
● Verapamilo. (depresión cardiaca)
Adenosina → taquicardia supreventricular
→ Dilatan las coronarias por unión al receptor A 2.
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