TAMUCC NURS 3342 Pharmacology Melissa Miller EXAM 2 [298 questions] with correct answers
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TAMUCC NURS 3342
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TAMUCC NURS 3342
Adjuvant Analgesic Drugs CORRECT ANSWER Drugs that are added for combined therapy with a primary drug and may have additive or independent analgesic properties, or both. (p. 144
Agonist CORRECT ANSWER A substance that binds to a receptor and causes a response. (p. 149)
Agonist-Antagonist CORR...
adjuvant analgesic drugs correct answer drugs that are added for combined therapy with a primary drug and may have additive or independent analgesic properties
TAMUCC NURS 3342 Pharmacology Melissa Miller EXAM
2 [298 questions] with correct answers
Adjuvant Analgesic Drugs CORRECT ANSWER Drugs that are added for combined therapy with a primary drug and may have additive or independent analgesic properties, or both. (p. 144
Agonist CORRECT ANSWER A substance that binds to a receptor and causes a response. (p. 149)
Agonist-Antagonist CORRECT ANSWER Substances that bind to a receptor and cause a partial response that is not as strong as that caused by an agonist (also known as a partial agonist). (p. 149)
Analgesic Ceiling Effect CORRECT ANSWER Occurs when a given pain drug no longer effectively controls pain despite the administration of the highest safe dosages. (p. 149)
analgesics CORRECT ANSWER Medications that relieve pain without causing loss of consciousness (sometimes referred to as painkillers). (p. 144
Antagonist CORRECT ANSWER A drug that binds to a receptor and prevents (blocks) a response.
(p. 150)
NON-OPOID ANALGESICS CORRECT ANSWER Analgesics that are not classified as opioids. (p. 146)
Opoid analgesics CORRECT ANSWER Synthetic drugs that bind to opiate receptors to relieve pain. (p. 144)
Malignant hyperthermia CORRECT ANSWER A genetically linked major adverse reaction to general anesthesia characterized by a rapid rise in body temperature, as well as tachycardia, tachypnea, and sweating. (p. 174) Adjunct anesthetics CORRECT ANSWER Drugs used in combination with anesthetic drugs to control the adverse effects of anesthetics or to help maintain the anesthetic state in the patient. (See balanced anesthesia.) (p. 172)
NMBDs CORRECT ANSWER Neuromuscular blocking drugs (NMBD's) are used widely in anaesthesia to facilitate intubation, to decrease anaesthetic requirements and to provide relaxation and immobility during surgery.
NMBD (Contraindications) CORRECT ANSWER Known drug allergies, previous history of malignant hyperthermia, penitrating eye injuries, narrowed angle glaucoma
NMBD (Adverse Effects) CORRECT ANSWER Muscle Spasms (hands,feet,face:muscle fasciculations),post-operative muscle pain, hyperkalimia,hypotension, tachycardia, histamine release
OPIOID Agonist Example CORRECT ANSWER Codeine
Fentanyl
Heroin
Hydrocodone
Hydromorphone
Levorphanol
Meperidine
Methadone
Morphine
Oxycodone
Oxymorphone
Opioid Adverse Effects CORRECT ANSWER Cognitive impairment
Constipation Decreased testosterone/sexual dysfunction
Nausea/vomiting
Orthostatic hypotension
Sedation/somnolence
OPIOID Agonist MOA CORRECT ANSWER Bind to an opioid pain receptor in the brain
Cause an analgesic response (reduction of pain sensation)
Adjuvant Drugs examples CORRECT ANSWER NSAIDs
Antidepressants
Anticonvulsants
Corticosteroids
Example: adjuvant drugs for neuropathic pain
Amitriptyline (antidepressant)
Gabapentin or pregabalin (anticonvulsants)
Opioid Drugs CORRECT ANSWER Synthetic drugs that bind to the opiate receptors to relieve pain
Mild agonists: codeine, hydrocodone
Strong agonists: morphine, hydromorphone, oxycodone, oxymorphone, meperidine, fentanyl, and methadone
Meperidine: not recommended for long-term use because of the accumulation of a neurotoxic metabolite, normeperidine, which can cause seizures Agonists-Antagonists MOA CORRECT ANSWER Bind to a pain receptor
Cause a weaker neurologic response than a full agonist
Also called partial agonist or mixed agonist
Antagonists MOA CORRECT ANSWER Reverse the effects of these drugs on pain receptors
Bind to a pain receptor and exert no response
Also known as competitive antagonists
OPIOID Receptors and their characteristics CORRECT ANSWER Opioid Analgesics indications CORRECT ANSWER Main use: to alleviate moderate to severe pain
Often given with adjuvant analgesic drugs to assist primary drugs with pain relief
Opioids are also used for:
Cough center suppression
Treatment of diarrhea
Balanced anesthesia
Opioid Analgesics: Contraindications CORRECT ANSWER Known drug allergy
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