National Counselor Examination Study Guide, Questions and answers, 100% accurate, Approved. Rated A+
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National Counselor
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National Counselor
National Counselor Examination Study Guide, Questions and answers, 100% accurate, Approved. Rated A+
Using motivation from 'within' is known as ______________
A. Inside motivation
B. Interior motivation
C. Intrinsic motivation
D. Idealistic motivation - -C. Intrinsic motivation
Which of...
approved rated a using motivation from within is known as a inside motivation b interior
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National Counselor Examination Study
Guide, Questions and answers, 100%
accurate, Approved. Rated A+
Using motivation from 'within' is known as ______________
A. Inside motivation
B. Interior motivation
C. Intrinsic motivation
D. Idealistic motivation - ✔✔-C. Intrinsic motivation
Which of the following is not an example of extrinsic motivation?
A. Employee performance improves when wages are increased
B. A sleep apnea patient follows a strict sleep hygiene plan
C. Children finish a task more quickly if they are promised candy
D. A student studies more on a test to make the highest grade in the class - ✔✔-B. A sleep apnea patient
follows a strict sleep hygiene plan
Which of the following socioeconomic factor could affect the outcome of therapeutic counseling?
Choose all that apply.
A. Lack of transportation
B. Lack of intrinsic motivation
C. Lack of positive cultural norms for entering therapy
D. None of the above - ✔✔-A. Lack of transportation
C. Lack of positive cultural norms for entering therapy
What is the meaning of transference/countertransference relationships? Choose all that apply.
A. A client transferring their relationship with another onto the therapist
B. The therapist transferring their relationship with another onto the client
,C. Transferring the blame or outcome of behavior onto someone else
D. None of the above - ✔✔-A. A client transferring their relationship with another onto the therapist
B. The therapist transferring their relationship with another onto the client
What is one instance that might cause a clinician to break the strong code of client confidentiality?
A. Feeling the need to talk
B. Duty to warn
C. When the therapist is going on vacation
D. All of the above - ✔✔-B. Duty to warn
Behavior Theory - ✔✔-comes from the idea that all behaviors are learned and acquired through a
process known as conditioning
What theory is most often associated with the psychologists B.F. Skinner and John B. Watson? - ✔✔-
behavior theory
Behavior Therapy - ✔✔-concentrates on the observable behaviors of a person or group, and dismisses
internal mental states
Key components of Behavior theory: - ✔✔-conditioning, reinforcement, and punishment
What does behavioral theory NOT take into count? - ✔✔-the concepts of emotion or even the
unconscious or subconscious, as these states are subjective rather than objective
Behaviorists believe that all behavior can be what? - ✔✔-Trained
Classical Conditioning - ✔✔-a process in which a subject comes to respond to a stimulus that was
previously considered neutral, continued exposure to the stimulus will elicit a desired response
,Operant Conditioning - ✔✔-a process in which a subject engages in the correct behavior through the use
of both rewards and punishments for a response. The subject learns to associate the behavior with the
outcome
Who created the behavioral psychology theory based on the idea that human beings respond to their
environment; external stimuli, not internal stimuli? - ✔✔-Watson - he believed that all human beings
could change their behavior through classical or operant conditioning.
Who developed the following schedules of reinforcement:
Continuous reinforcement schedule - ✔✔-reinforcing the desired response every time it occurs
Partial reinforcement schedule - ✔✔-reinforcing a response only part of the time; results in slower
acquisition of a response but much greater resistance to extinction than does continuous reinforcement
fixed ratio schedule - ✔✔-a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response only after a
predetermined number of responses
What strength of reinforcement does fixed ratio schedule produce? - ✔✔-a high, steady rate of
responses.
What schedule of reinforcement is: giving a subject a piece of candy after they answer five questions
correctly - ✔✔-Fixed ratio
variable-ratio schedule - ✔✔-a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response after an
unpredictable number of responses
What strength of reinforcement does variable-ratio schedule produce? - ✔✔-High, steady rate of
responding
, What schedule of reinforcement is: a slot machine - ✔✔-variable-ratio
fixed-interval schedule - ✔✔-a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response only after a specified
time has elapsed
What schedule of reinforcement is: a subject being rewarded after two minutes of activity and then
after each two minutes of activity? - ✔✔-fixed-interval
variable-interval schedule - ✔✔-a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response at unpredictable
time intervals
What schedule of reinforcement is: rewarding a subject after one minute of activity, three minutes of
activity, six minutes of activity, and so on... - ✔✔-variable-interval
In operant conditioning, reinforcement ______________ behavior and punishment _______________
behavior. - ✔✔-Increases, Decreases
What is the difference between positive and negative reinforcement? - ✔✔-Positive reinforcement adds
a stimulus, negative reinforcement either removes a noxious stimuli (buckling seatbelt to get rid of
beeping) or behavior avoids noxious stimulus (studying to avoid bad grades)
A counselor asks her client what day it is, where he is right now, and what his name is. The counselor is
gathering info for what part of the mental status examination? - ✔✔-Sensorium
What characterizes Generation "X" group, which refers to individuals born between 1965 and 1976? -
✔✔-Wanting exciting jobs and keeping options open
A married couple with two school-aged children gets divorced, which drastically reduces the amount of
conflict in the home. All of a sudden, however, the younger child starts throwing temper tantrums,
whereas before he was perfectly well-behaved. What phenomenon might explain this child's change in
behavior following the divorce? - ✔✔-Homeostasis
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