This book contains an in-depth explanation of all the earth's zones, temperature zone, air and its pressure, humidity and air and temperature.
This book contains all the FAQ's and MCQ's of the Book of Geography for class 7th by PTB
Al-Munir High School Class VII Geography Topic: Physical state of the earth Unit # 1
Exercise Work
Qno.1 Mark the correct Answer?
1 2 3 4 5
2250Km On the bed of sea 670Km 20 thousand seismograph
Qno.2 Write the short answers?
Qno.1 Give two reasons for earthquake?
Ans: Mostly, earthquakes come due to the movements of plates. When these plates collide with each other than vibrations
occur on the surface of land.
Earth quakes also come due to volcanism when lava comes out by breaking weak surface of earth, then movement on the
surface of earth occurs.
Qno.2 Write down the names of internal parts of earth?
Ans: The internal part of earth is divided into three important parts.
Crust, Mantle, Core
Qno.3 Write down the names of big plates of earth?
Ans:
i- Pacific plate
ii- North American plate
iii- South American plate
iv- Eurasian plate
v- African plate
vi- Australian plate
vii- Antarctica plate
Qno.4 What is Volcanism?
Ans: The hot eruption of semi-solid matter (Magma) from the surface of earth is known as Volcanism.
Qno.5 What is the meaning of ‘Ring of fire’?
Ans: Most of the earth quakes are occurred in Pacific plate. This area as surrounded by crakes, therefore it’s also known as
‘Ring of fire’.
Detailed Answers:
Qno.1 Explain the composition of earth’s interior?
Ans: The internal part of earth is divided into three important parts.
1- Crust 2- Mantle 3- Core
Crust: the upper layer of earth is called crust.
Division of crust: crust is divided into two parts. The upper part is also known as continental crust while lower portion is known
as oceanic crust.
Continental shelve: the layer of earth on which human beings live is called continental shelve.
Oceanic shelve: the part of earth crust which is below the seas is called oceanic shelve.
Mantle: Below crust there is a thick layer which is called Mantle.
Division of Mantle: it consists of two layers. Upper layer is upper mantle and lower layer is called lower mantle.
Core: Below the mantle there is another layer, which is called core.
Division of core: Core is composed of two sub layers:
i- Outer core
ii- Inner core
Outer core: the thickness of outer core is 2250 kilometres.
Inner core: this core is solid and heavy and its thickness is 1220 kilometres.
, Al-Munir High School Class VII Geography Topic: Physical state of the earth Unit # 1
Qno.2 Describe the types of Faults?
Ans: Types of Faults:
i- Normal fault
ii- Transform fault
iii- Reverse fault
Normal fault: When parts of crust are moving in opposite direction due to removal of upper layers this fault is called Normal
fault.
Transform fault: When parts of plates move. They collide with each other. Such type of fault is called transform fault.
Reverse fault: When plates move towards each other then reverse fault occurs.
Qno.3 Discuss the effects of earth quakes?
Ans: Effects of earth quakes:
Earth quakes are the disaster, which cause a lot of destruction. Some important factors are mention below.
Effects on Agriculture: Due to earth quakes sources of irrigation are affected standing crops are destroyed.
Bursting of fire: Due to earth quakes sometimes fire bursts due to electricity and gas.
Hurdles in Rescue:Due to earth quakes hurdles occur in the activities of rescue.
Cause of flood:Due to earth quakes there are also threats of flood.
Effects on transportation:Due to earth quakes, the facilities of transportation are interrupted due to the destruction of bridges
and roads.
Qno.4: Discuss the instruments used to measure earth quakes?
Ans: Seismograph: An instrument is used to measure intensity of earth quake is Seismograph.
Richter scale: To measure big intensity of earth quakes is a scale which is called richter scale.
Qno.5 Make a table of larger earthquake in Pakistan and world?
Ans:
No Year Place Intensity on Richter scale Wastage of lives
1. 1920 Guangzhou, china 8.6 2,00,000
2. 1923 Kanto, japan 7.9 1,43,000
3. 1927 Shanghai, china 7.9 2,00,000
4. 1932 Guangzhou, china 7.6 70,000
5. 1935 Quetta, Pakistan 7.5 30,000
6. 1948 Turkmenistan 7.3 1,10,000
7. 1976 Tangshan, china 7.5 2,55,000
8. 1990 Iran 7.7 40,000
9. 1999 Turkey 7.6 17,000
10. 2005 Kashmir and Northern Areas of Pakistan 7.6 80,000
11. 2010 Haiti, central America 7.8 1,50,000
Qno.6 Analyze volcanism and its affects?
Ans: Volcanism: The hot eruption of semi-solid matter (Magma) from the surface of earth is known as a Volcanism.
Effects of Volcanism: These effects of volcanism are given below.
Formation of Mountains: volcanoes are formed due to volcanism process the layers of lava and perennial volcanism raise
these volcanoes by this activity mountains are formed.
Deficiency of fertility of land: when lava erupt from volcanoes it makes the land barren. The matter, gases and dust etc. which
come out from volcanoes cause environmental pollution.
Incensement of temperature: sometimes, clouds of different gases are released rapidly during volcanism.
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