NST 10-Midterm Review #1 University of California, Berkeley NUSCTX 10
15 views 0 purchase
Course
NUSCTX 10
Institution
NUSCTX 10
NST 10 – Introduction to Human Nutrition
Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology University of California, Berkeley
Spring 2012
Exam 1 Review
INTRODUCTION AND NUTRITION GUIDELINES
1. Define essential nutrient, and what are the essential nutrients in our body?
Essential nutrients are...
nst 10 – introduction to human nutrition department of nutritional sciences amp toxicology university of california
Written for
NUSCTX 10
All documents for this subject (22)
Seller
Follow
ExamsConnoisseur
Reviews received
Content preview
NST 10 – Introduction to Human Nutrition
Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology University of California, Berkeley
Spring 2012
Exam 1 Review
INTRODUCTION AND NUTRITION GUIDELINES
1. Define essential nutrient, and what are the essential nutrients in our body?
Essential nutrients are nutrients we must consume from our diet and cannot
be either synthesized by our body at all or cannot be synthesized in amounts
needed for good health. There are six essential nutrients: protein,
carbohydrates, fats, water, vitamins and minerals. Their Dietary reference
Intake (DRI) has been approved by the US government.
Macronutrients:
• Needed in large quantities
• Energy Yielding
• Carbohydrates, protein, fat
• Caveats: alcohol, water
Micronutrients:
• Needed in small quantities
• Not energy yielding
• Vitamins, minerals
Nutrient classifications:
Organic
• Contains carbon
• Carbs, protein, fat, Vitamins
Non-organic:
, • Does not contain carbon
• Water and minerals
2. What are the differences between fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins? Give some
examples of both.
Vitamins: Easily destroyed by heat and light
Fat-soluble vitamins:
• Stored in body, do not need to be consumed daily or else toxicity will occur
• Found in largely fat containing foods
• Vitamins A,D,E,K
• Are absorbed by lymph
Water-soluble vitamins:
• Not largely stored
• Found in many foods
• Can safely be consumed in large amounts as toxicity is unlikely
• Vitamins B (niacin, thiamine, riboflavin, B6, B12, folate, biotin), Vitamin C
3. What are the differences between major minerals and trace minerals? Give some
examples of both.
Minerals: Not destroyed by heat or light
Major minerals:
• Need more than 100mg/day and we have more than 5g in the body
• Expected to satisfy the needs of 50% of people in the age group
• Usually cannot be applied to an individual but to a group
RDA: Recommended Dietary Allowance
• The dietary intake level needed to satisfy the requirements of most (97-98%)
healthy individuals in each age and gender group
• Optimal if applied by individuals
• Determined by the Food and Nutrition board
• Have been expanded into the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) address
problems of excess as well as deficiency
o Address both nutrient and energy
• Based off of the EAR and about 20% higher (2 deviations above EAR)
o Water:
Males: 3.7L/day
Females: 2.7L/day
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller ExamsConnoisseur. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.