Module 4 (biod 121) All Answers Correct
Vitamins
(vita- means life and -amine means nitrogen containing) are organic compounds that the body needs in
small amounts
What is obtained through the diet and help regulate and support a variety of processes related to
digestion,
absorption,
metabo...
(vita- means life and -amine means nitrogen containing) are organic compounds that the body needs in
small amounts
What is obtained through the diet and help regulate and support a variety of processes related to
digestion,
absorption,
metabolism,
body regulations??
vitamins
00:0201:41
what is the main overall function of vitamins?
to regulate and support
what are the 4 functions of vitamins?
1. digestion
2. absorption
3. metabolism
4. body regulation
What would happen to the body without vitamins?
body would not be capable of sustaining the functions necessary for daily activities
What is the difference between carbohydrates, proteins, and fats from vitamins?
vitamins yield no energy
but they are very important in the growth and maintenance of our bodies
How many vitamins are their that we know to be essential?
13 essential vitamins
essential vitamins are found where?
both plant and animal sources
can the body synthesize essential vitamins?
the majority cannot be synthesized by the human body.
Thus, they must be consumed in the diet
Which essential vitamins are exceptions and can be synthesized by the human body?
,vitamin K biotin
vitamin D
Where are vitamin K and biotin synthesized?
produced by gut flora (bacteria) in the intestine
Where is vitamin D synthesized?
synthesized in the skin through sunlight
What are the two essential vitamins that can be produced through precursors?
Vitamin A &
niacin
Through what precursor found in the can essential vitamin A be produced?
beta carotene
--> Vitamin A can be produced after we consume food containing beta carotene
Through what precursor found in the can essential niacin be produced?
amino acid tryptophan
niacin can be produced when we consume foods containing the amino acid tryptophan.
What two criteria must be meet in order to be considered a vitamin, an organic compound?
1. First, due to the inability of our bodies to manufacture the compound, enough of the compound must
be consumed in the diet to maintain health.
2. Second, symptoms of deficiency occur in the absence of the compound, resulting in declining health.
& health is often restored when the deficiency is corrected.
During the manufacturing of food, some nutrients are lost. What are ways to counter this?
some foods have been enriched or fortified to ensure consumption of all the nutrients they require
through their daily intake
Enrichment
is the process of taking nutrients that were lost in the milling or processing of the food and adding them
back to the final product
Example of Enrichment
all grain products are enriched due to the loss that occurs in the milling process
fortification
, is the process of supplementing a product with additional vitamins that would not normally be in that
product
example of fortification
is adding calcium and vitamin D to orange juice or vitamins to cereal
Vitamins can be classified as either _____ __________ or _______ __________
fat soluble
water soluble
Fat soluble vitamins
dependent on dietary fat for absorption
characteristic of fat-soluble vitamins
-dependent on dietary fat
-stored in the body
-not easily excreted
-toxic if consumed in excess
characteristic of water soluble vitamins
-easily dissolve in water
-easily absorbed into the bloodstream and excreted in the urine
-limited storage capacity in the body
-easily destroyed washing and cooking can leach from foods
-coenzyme
-bioavailability
-Seldom reaches toxic levels
Where are fat soluble vitamins stored?
liver and adipose tissue
What are the fat soluble vitamins?
Vitamins A, D, E, K
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