KPEERI Exam Study Guide (350 Questions with complete solution) A word part that contains a vowel or, in spoken language, a vowel sound {{Answer: - syllable Two or more consecutive c onsonants which retain their individual sounds {{Answer: - consonant blend Two consecutive consonants that represent one phoneme, or sound {{Answer: - consonant digraph Sources of information outside of words that readers may use to predict the identities and meanings of unknown words. These may be drawn from the immediate sentence containing the word, from text already read, from pictures accompanying the text, or from definitions, restatements, examples, or descriptions in the text. {{Answer: - context clu es Sounds that can be held for several seconds without distortion {{Answer: - continuous sounds Sequences for how information is selected, sequenced, organized, and practiced. These occur within each component of reading where a logical progression of skills would be evident: easier skills are introduced before more difficult skills, so that skills b uild progressively. {{Answer: - Coordinated Instructional Sequences Instruction that builds upon previously learned concepts. {{Answer: - Cumulative Instruction Text in which a high proportion of words comprise sound -symbol relationships that have already been taught. {{Answer: - Decodable Text These words contain phonic elements that were previously taught. {{Answer: - Decodable Words A prefix or suffix added to a root or base to form another word (e.g., -un in unhappy , -
ness in likeness). {{Answer: - Derivational affix The matching instruction that can meet the different needs of learners in a given classroom. {{Answer: - Differentiated Instruction (Keyword: different) A group of two consecutive letters whose phonetic value is a single sound (e.g., /ea/ in bread; /ch/ in chat; /ng/ in sing) {{Answer: - Digraph (Remember the word digraph has a digraPH) A vowel produced by the tongue shifting position during articulation; a vowel that feels as if it has two parts, especially the vowels spelled ow, oy, ou, and oi. {{Answer: - Dipthong (Remember the sentence, "wOW, yOU look good in that thong (diphthong)! :) The teacher defines and teaches a concept, guides students through its application, and arranges for extended guided practice until mastery is achieved. {{Answer: - Direct Instruction Planned instruction to pre -teach new, important, and difficult words to ensure the quantity and quality of exposures to words that students will encounter in their reading. {{Answer: - Direct Vocabulary Instruction Strategie s that help students engage the meanings of a text (e.g., asking questions at critical junctures; modeling the thought process used to make inferences; constructing mental imagery). {{Answer: - During Reading Comprehension Strategies A language -based disab ility that affects both oral and written language. It may also be referred to as reading disability, reading difference, or reading disorder. {{Answer: - Dyslexia A part of writing and preparing presentations concerned chiefly with improving the clarity, organization, concision, and correctness of expression relative to task, purpose, and audience; compared to revising, a smaller -scale activity often associated with surface aspects of a text. {{Answer: - Editing A framework used during phonemic awareness instruction. These are sometimes referred to as Sound Boxes. When working with words, the teacher can draw one box per sound for a target word. Students push a marke r into one box as they segment each sound in the word. {{Answer: - Elkonin Boxes The skills, knowledge, and attitudes that are developmental precursors to conventional forms of reading and writing. {{Answer: - Emergent Literacy The ability to translate lan guage into print (writing) is ____________. {{Answer: - Encoding (Remember prefix en - means "put into", you are putting sounds into print). Students whose first language is not English and who are in the process of learning English. {{Answer: - English Lan guage Learner The origin of a word and the historical development of its meaning is called ________________. {{Answer: - Etymology This type of instruction is step -by-step, and the actions of the teacher are clear, specific, direct, and related to the lea rning objective. {{Answer: - Explicit Instruction (Remember, explicit means something is "expressed clearly") Reports factual information (also referred to as informational text) and the relationships among ideas. This type of text tends to be more diffic ult for students than narrative text because of the density of long, difficult, and unknown words or word parts. {{Answer: - Expository text
