most accurate measurement to determine GA is the ___ in the ___ trimester it is accurate within +/- __-__ days CORRECT ANSWERS: CRL
first
3-5
in the second and third trimester a series of measurements are taken to determine GA within ___ wks these are CORRECT ANSWERS: 2
BPD, HC,FL, and A...
ARDMS OB/GYN certification biometry/fetal lie(18)
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
most accurate measurement to determine GA is the ___ in the ___ trimester it is accurate within +/- __-
__ days CORRECT ANSWERS: CRL first 3-5
in the second and third trimester a series of measurements are taken to determine GA within ___ wks these are CORRECT ANSWERS: 2 BPD, HC,FL, and AC ** all measurements should be taken twice for accuracy
if AC measurement fall 2SD below mean for GA look for CORRECT ANSWERS: signs of IUGR
if FL more than 2SD below mean for GA look for CORRECT ANSWERS: signs of skeletal dysplasia
if HC or AC measurements fall short calculate CORRECT ANSWERS: HC/AC ratio
to determine due date or EDC from LMP calculate by EDC=___- ___months + ___days this is known as _____rule CORRECT ANSWERS: LMP - 3 months+ 7days Nagele's
BPD is CORRECT ANSWERS: an axial measurement performed at the level of the thalami and CSP
calipers for measurements for BPD are placed ___ to __ and this measurement is often taken with ___ and __ CORRECT ANSWERS: outer to inner OFD (occipital frontal diameter) and HC
Cephalic index is calculated to define ___ ___ and is determined by dividing ___by ___ x 100 normal range is between ___-____ % or ___-___ CORRECT ANSWERS: head shape BPD/OFD x 100 70-86%
0.70-0.86
if cephalic index is less than ___ is considered ____ CORRECT ANSWERS: 0.70 or 70%
dolichocephaly
if cephalic index is more than ___ is considered ____ CORRECT ANSWERS: 0.86 or 86%
brachycephaly
in case of abnormal cephalic index BPD is CORRECT ANSWERS: eliminated from estimation of GA
HC is measured at the same level as CORRECT ANSWERS: BPD HC should not include __ ___ in measurement and more accurate when __ is ___ CORRECT ANSWERS: scalp echoes BPD abnormal
AC is performed at the level of CORRECT ANSWERS: stomach and portal sinus of umbilical vein
AC reflects fetal growth through CORRECT ANSWERS: fetal liver size
measurement is taken for AC CORRECT ANSWERS: along skin line to include soft tissue and subcutaneous fat
AC measurement is ___ reliable in establishing ___ due to significant ___ and __ variation in size after ____wks CORRECT ANSWERS: least GA genetic physiological 25
FL best obtained when using ___ transducer and measuring ___ (___) femur to eliminate ___ __ CORRECT ANSWERS: linear array anterior (upside) artifactual bowing
when taking FL measurements include only ____ ____ and not ____ ____ CORRECT ANSWERS: ossified diaphysis epiphyseal cartilage
GA can also be estimated by the presence of ____ ___ with in various ____ CORRECT ANSWERS: ossification centers epiphyses
other measurements taken to help estimate fetal GA are CORRECT ANSWERS: long bone length clavicular length foot length binocular distance transcerebellar distance
measurement for binocular distance taken from ___ ___ ___ to ____ ___ ____ and be useful in estimating GA in cases of ___ CORRECT ANSWERS: lateral orbital rim to lateral orbital rim IUGR
transcerebellar distance is measured in the ___ aspect of cerebellum in the ____ plane and may be useful in estimating GA in cases of ___ or when CORRECT ANSWERS: lateral axial IUGR head measurements are impossible to obtain
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