BKAT Critical Care Review exam 2023 with 100% correct answers
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Course
BKAT
Institution
BKAT
Normal Central Venous Pressure (CVP) range
2-8 mmHg
Normal Pulmonary Artery Occlusion Pressure (PAOP) range
6-12 mmHg
Normal Pulmonary Artery Systolic (PAS) range
20-30 mmHg
Normal Pulmonary Artery Diastolic (PAD) range
5-15 mmHg
Normal Pulmonary Artery Mean (PAM)
1...
BKAT Critical Care Review
Normal Central Venous Pressure (CVP) range correct answer2-8 mmHg
Normal Pulmonary Artery Occlusion Pressure (PAOP) range correct answer6-12 mmHg
Normal Pulmonary Artery Systolic (PAS) range correct answer20-30 mmHg
Normal Pulmonary Artery Diastolic (PAD) range correct answer5-15 mmHg
Normal Pulmonary Artery Mean (PAM) correct answer11-20 mmHg
Normal Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR) range correct answer800-1200 mmHg
Preload correct answervolume left in the left ventricle at the end of diastole
What is preload affected by? correct answervenous return to the heart, atrial kick, total volume, and ventricular compliance
What drugs can affect preload? correct answerFurosemide and nitroglycerin
Afterload correct answerAmount of pressure heart has to overcome to pump blood out
What drugs may affect afterload? correct answerVasoconstricters and vasodilators
Contractility correct answerthe contractile force of the heart, how much will it take to move the preload out against the afterload What is the appropriate hold time after pulling an arterial line? correct answer5-10 min
What part of the heart does the PAOP affect? correct answerLeft ventricle
What part of the heart does the CVP affect? correct answerRight ventricle
What does it mean when the PAOP is elevated? correct answerIncreased left ventricular end diastolic pressure that could be indicative of left ventricular dysfunction or failure
What does it mean if CVP is elevated? correct answerFluid overload or decreased compliance (such as with ARDS and COPD)
Difference between stable and unstable angina correct answerStable angina: pain happens with certain activities but then goes away with rest.
Unstable angina: chest pain can occur at rest, becomes more sever or frequent, or lasts longer
ECG changes with an acute MI? correct answerST elevation or depression
ECG changes with hyperkalemia correct answerPeaked T waves
What conditions may cause elevated cardiac enzymes? correct answerTrauma, acute MI, CABG, and pericarditis
What is the goal of treatment with cariogenic shock? correct answerto increase cardiac output
What are the effects of nitroprusside (Nipride) and dobutamine (Dobutrex) on preload, afterload, and contractility? correct answerThey both increase cardiac output, heart rate, and contractility
Special precautions of Nipride correct answerIt can cause severe hypotension and cyanide toxicity
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