2nd year of level 3 health and social care extended diploma
Contents
,Introduction.................................................................................................................................................3
How sociological perspectives are applied to the understanding of health and social care. (P1)............3
Explaining how sociological perspectives contribute to the understanding of society (P2).....................8
Analysing the contribution of sociological perspectives to the understanding of health and social care
and society. (M1).....................................................................................................................................9
Comparing the biomedical model of health with an alternative model of health. (P3).........................12
Explaining the contribution of concepts of health, ill health and disability to service provision in a local
health and social care setting. (P4)........................................................................................................13
Analysing how the biomedical and an alternative model of health, and concepts of health, ill health
and disability affect service provision in a local health and social care setting. (M2)............................16
Evaluating the role of sociological perspectives in the understanding of society and models and
concepts of health in relation to service provision in a local health and social care setting. (D1).........17
Bibliography:..........................................................................................................................................19
, Introduction
This report is about the sociological perspectives and how they link and apply to health and
social care settings as well as my own local setting which is the Hockley Farm medical practice.
This report outlines the perspectives in sociology, different concepts as well as the different
health models and how health is defined in different contexts and whether those definitions are
problematic in todays society.
How sociological perspectives are applied to the understanding of health and social
care. (P1)
The study of social life, change, and the social causes and consequences of human behaviour is
referred to as sociology. Sociologists examine the structure of groups, institutions, and
societies, as well as how people interact in them. (sociology.case.edu, 2022) It is considered a
social science. Individuals learn society's norms and values through the process of socialisation.
There are two types of socialisation, Primary and secondary. This is important in keeping society
functional. (tutor2u.net, n.d.) The process of Primary socialisation happens first when a child is
first exposed to the norms and values within their family, and this shapes their initial ability to
communicate as well as how to behave and how to bond and form relationships. According to
Talcott parsons, Primary socialisation carries out two very important processes which include
the Internalization of the society’s culture and Structuring of the individual's personality.
(differencebetween.com, 2015) This is then followed by secondary socialisation which takes
place later in institutions and agencies in a wider society such as schools and it involves a lot
less involvement and influence from the family when shaping the individuals' values,
behaviours and personality. Socialisation is part of functionalism. This is a structural view of
society which upholds the idea that Agencies work together in order to create a harmonious
society. Without social interaction, socialisation cannot happen. An example of this would
include ‘feral children’. Without socialisation, there is no culture and society which impacts
every single agency including health and social care which is why it is so important in keeping
structure in society. Functionalism and Marxism both affect health and social care, as they are
both structural theories, largely through the idea of the ‘sick role’ that Talcott Parsons had
come up with. This theory proposes that when a person is sick, they temporarily abandon their
usual position and then become dysfunctional for a period of time. They are then anticipated to
improve and desire to return to their usual role. Because the person is unable to perform their
usual role they are seen as deviant and therefore need the support of the health and social care
sector to essentially fix the dysfunction and bring back structure in society. From a functionalist
perspective, Policing the health of people is a way of preventing this deviance in order to create
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