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Chapter 11Questions with correct answers Health Care of the Older Adult 2022 update
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Chapter 11Questions with correctanswers Health Care of the Older
Adult 2022 update
1. You are providing care for an 82-year-old man whose signs and symptoms of
Parkinson disease have become more severe over the past several months. The
man tells you that he can no longer do as many things for himself as he used to be
able to do. What factor should you recognize as impacting your patients life most
significantly?
1. A) Neurologic deficits
2. B) Loss of independence
3. C) Age-related changes
4. D) Tremors and decreased mobility
Ans: B
Feedback:
This patients statement places a priority on his loss of independence. This is
undoubtedly a result of the neurologic changes associated with his disease, but this
is not the focus of his statement. This is a disease process, not an age-related
physiological change.
2. A gerontologic nurse practitioner provides primary care for a large number of
older adults who are living with various forms of cardiovascular disease. This nurse
is well aware that heart disease is the leading cause of death in the aged. What is
an age-related physiological change that contributes to this trend?
1. A) Heart muscle and arteries lose their elasticity.
2. B) Systolic blood pressure decreases.
3. C) Resting heart rate decreases with age.
4. D) Atrial-septal defects develop with age.
Ans: A
Feedback:
The leading cause of death for patients over the age of 65 years is cardiovascular
disease. With age, heart muscle and arteries lose their elasticity, resulting in a
reduced stroke volume. As a person ages, systolic blood pressure does not
decrease, resting heart rate does not decrease, and the aged are not less likely to
adopt a healthy lifestyle.
Chapter 11Questions with correct
answers Health Care of the Older
Adult 2022 update
, Chapter 11Questions with correct
answers Health Care of the Older
Adult 2022 update
3. An occupational health nurse overhears an employee talking to his manager
about a 65-year-old coworker. What phenomenon would the nurse identify when
hearing the employee state, He should just retire and make way for some new
blood.?
1. A) Intolerance
2. B) Ageism
3. C) Dependence
4. D) Nonspecific prejudice
Ans: B
Feedback:
Ageism refers to prejudice against the aged. Intolerance is implied by the
employees statement, but the intolerance is aimed at the coworkers age. The
employees statement does not raise concern about dependence. The prejudice
exhibited in the statement is very specific.
4. The nurse is caring for a 65-year-old patient who has previously been diagnosed
with hypertension. Which of the following blood pressure readings represents the
threshold between high-normal blood pressure and hypertension?
1. A) 140/90 mm Hg
2. B) 145/95 mm Hg
3. C) 150/100 mm Hg
4. D) 160/100 mm Hg
Ans: A
Feedback:
Hypertension is the diagnosis given when the blood pressure is greater than 140/90
mm Hg. This makes the other options incorrect.
Chapter 11Questions with correct
answers Health Care of the Older
Adult 2022 update
, Chapter 11Questions with correct
answers Health Care of the Older
Adult 2022 update
5. You are the nurse caring for an 85-year-old patient who has been hospitalized for
a fractured radius. The patients daughter has accompanied the patient to the
hospital and asks you what her father can do for his very dry skin, which has
become susceptible to cracking and shearing. What would be your best response?
1. A) He should likely take showers rather than baths, if possible.
2. B) Make sure that he applies sunscreen each morning.
3. C) Dry skin is an age-related change that is largely inevitable.
4. D) Try to help your father increase his intake of dairy products.
Ans: A
Feedback:
Showers are less drying than hot tub baths. Sun exposure should indeed be limited,
but daily application of sunscreen is not necessary for many patients. Dry skin is an
age-related change, but this does not mean that no appropriate interventions exist
to address it. Dairy intake is unrelated.
6. An elderly patient has come in to the clinic for her twice-yearly physical. The
patient tells the nurse that she is generally enjoying good health, but that she has
been having occasional episodes of constipation over the past 6 months. What
intervention should the nurse first suggest?
1. A) Reduce the amount of stress she currently experiences.
2. B) Increase carbohydrate intake and reduce protein intake.
3. C) Take herbal laxatives, such as senna, each night at bedtime.
4. D) Increase daily intake of water.
Ans: D
Feedback:
Constipation is a common problem in older adults and increasing fluid intake is an
appropriate early intervention. This should likely be attempted prior to
recommending senna or other laxatives. Stress reduction is unlikely to wholly
resolve the problem and there is no need to increase carbohydrate intake and
reduce protein intake.
Chapter 11Questions with correct
answers Health Care of the Older
Adult 2022 update
, Chapter 11Questions with correct
answers Health Care of the Older
Adult 2022 update
7. An 84-year-old patient has returned from the post-anesthetic care unit (PACU)
following hip arthroplasty. The patient is oriented to name only. The patients family
is very upset because, before having surgery, the patient had no cognitive deficits.
The patient is subsequently diagnosed with postoperative delirium. What should the
nurse explain to the patients family?
1. A) This problem is self-limiting and there is nothing to worry about.
2. B) Delirium involves a progressive decline in memory loss and
overall cognitive function.
3. C) Delirium of this type is treatable and her cognition will return to previous
levels
4. D) This problem can be resolved by administering antidotes to the anesthetic
that was used in surgery.
Ans: C
Feedback:
Surgery is a common cause of delirium in older adults. Delirium differs from other
types of dementia in that delirium begins with confusion and progresses to
disorientation. It has symptoms that are reversible with treatment, and, with
treatment, is short term in nature. It is patronizing and inaccurate to reassure the
family that there is nothing to worry about. The problem is not treated by the
administration of antidotes to anesthetic.
8. The nurse is providing patient teaching to a patient with early stage Alzheimers
disease (AD) and her family. The patient has been prescribed donepezil
hydrochloride (Aricept). What should the nurse explain to the patient and family
about this drug?
1. A) It slows the progression of AD.
2. B) It cures AD in a small minority of patients.
3. C) It removes the patients insight that he or she has AD.
4. D) It limits the physical effects of AD and other dementias.
Ans: A
Feedback:
There is no cure for AD, but several medications have been introduced to slow the
progression of the disease, including donepezil hydrochloride (Aricept). These
Chapter 11Questions with correct
answers Health Care of the Older
Adult 2022 update
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