GENETIC DIVERSITY AND MEIOSIS I
- Introduction to genetics
- Mendel rules
- Meiosis
We are talking about the change of generation and how genetic elements are behaving when they move from one generation to the next.
We can think about this how our chromosomes as carries of genetic material...
genetic diversity and meiosis i introduction to genetics mendel rules meiosis we are talking about the change of generation and how genetic elements are behaving when they move from one genera
Written for
University Of Vienna
Concepts in Molecular Biology
All documents for this subject (17)
Seller
Follow
97emax
Content preview
16 LC Concepts in Molecular Biology 02.11.2022
GENETIC DIVERSITY AND MEIOSIS I
- Introduction to genetics
- Mendel rules
- Meiosis
We are talking about the change of generation and how genetic elements are behaving when they move
from one generation to the next.
We can think about this how our chromosomes as carries of genetic material and are moving from one
generation to ne next, we have somatic cells, generative cells, we are changing between different ploidies
and any polyploid organism would have the genetic set prior to the fertilization, which regenerates the
original set (in this diploidy).
MEIOSIS
We have ancestral genomes, from mom and dad, that completes the genetic set of every one of us; the
chromosomes in humans reside in the shown configuration; during meiosis there is a reduction of the set
and chimeric chromosomes are form with recombination.
In order to meiosis to occur, dna is duplicated, there is homolog recombination that mutually exchanges
genetic elements. In the first meiotic division you separate the homologs, and in the second division the
sisters chromatids are separated generating haploid cells being genetically distinct.
,16 LC Concepts in Molecular Biology 02.11.2022
➢ Inheritance
The base for inheritance is the transmission of genes and their alleles (gene variants) from one generation
(parents) to the next (offspring). New combinations of alleles are brought together during the meiotic
divisions at the onset of the formation of generative cells.
Gregor Mendel looked at single gene traits that gave a specific phenotype, like seed shape, color, and so
on. He looked at these pure breads, realized that in F1 there is one dominant trait appearing and that in
the segregating population was established numerically → something like a close to 3:1 ratio.
If you cross two pure breads that have normally and mutant
alleles, taken the first filial generation F1 all affspring have
B/b genotype and normal phenotype.
F2 has instead → B/b X B/b = 75% normal and 25% mutant
phenotype.
So, was deduced the first law of dominance and uniformity.
With the plants, sometimes there is an intermediate phenotype (with co-dominance, pink roses -white x
red).
The last law is the law of independent assortment: genes/alleles when they segregate they do not
influence each other. This is only true under certain pre-conditions, provided that they are different
chromosomes -if they are the same chromosome they sort of influence each other-.
, 16 LC Concepts in Molecular Biology 02.11.2022
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller 97emax. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
