Summary
Summary Biology Form 4 KSSM Chapter 11 IMMUNITY IN HUMANS
- Course
- Institution
Easy understanding format for revision before exam
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
limjiayue
Content preview
1)Definition of immunity, antigen, andantibodies
2)First, second, third lines of defence in a
human body
3)Antibody action on antigen
CHAPTER 11 4)Active and passive immunities
5)Health issues related to human immunity
IMMUNITY IN
HUMANS
, Chapter 11 Immunity in Humans
11.1 Body Defence
Body defence system react when pathogen infect the body
Pathogen: microorganism causes diseases
-ex: bacteria (singular: bacterium)
Antigens: foreign particles that enter the body and subsequently stimulate the immune response
Antibodies: proteins //found on the lymphocytes surface/released by lymphocytes into blood
plasma
Immune response: interaction between antibodies and cause antigens to be destroy
Immunity: the body ability to fight infections caused pathogen or other foreign objects, through
specific attacks on the pathogens
Three line of defence to fight against disease in our body:
1) First line of defence
-Lysozyme
~found in secretion of tears, nasal mucus, saliva
antimicrobial protein (dissolve and destroy some types of bacteria)
-Mucous membrane
~lines on the respiratory tract
mucus secreted (contains lysozyme that destroys bacteria found in the air that enters the
respiratory system
-Mechanism of blood clotting
~prevent bacteria from entering through wounds (injury involving an external or internal break in
body tissue)
-Hydrochloric acid
~in stomach (destroys bacteria present in food and drinks)
-Skin
~physical defence
tough and difficult for microorganism to penetrates (prevents the entry of pathogens)
~continuous shedding of dead cell layers on the skin surface (makes it difficult for various
microorganism to grow)
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller limjiayue. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $3.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
62890 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now