1. What is it called when people make an agreement between themselves
and the government?: Answer-A social contract
-A contract is an agreement between two parties, the terms of the
agreement between a government and its people are an ongoing
negotiation
2. According to the social contract theory, what is the origin of society?:
Answer- so- ciety is the product of human desire and effort
-Social contract theory argues that we create society to meet
particular needs we individually possess and share with others.
3. Which of the following did John Locke view as the most important
protec- tion(s) under the social contract?: Answer- Liberty and property
-John Locke believed that liberty and property are both natural rights
and it is the governments job to protect them
4. Which of these accurately describes John Locke's view of the state of
nature?: Answer-The state of nature was peaceful and consisted of rational
human beings
-Even though John Locke's belief, he also argued that life in the state
of nature was "inconvenient"
5. According to John Locke, how much authority should society have
over its citizens under the social contract?: Answer-Limited Authority
,-Locke believed that the social contract should provide a society in
which the society has no more power than is necessary to regulate
the natural rights and co-existence of its citizens.
6. Which natural right was explicitly protected in the Declaration of
Indepen- dence?: -Liberty
-Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence based on
the ideas of John Locke who argued that one of our most important
natural rights is liberty.
7. Which Constitutional principle, suggested by Montesquieu, lessens the
potential harm of the national government over the people?: -Separation
of powers
-By separating the legislative, executive, and judicial power and
placing each branch into the control of different political actors this
would prevent government tyranny over the people by limiting the
harm any one branch of government might do on its own.
8. Which Constitutional mechanism, suggested by Montesquieu, balances
the national government and prevents any one section of government
from having sole/complete power?: -checks and balances
-The Constitutional principle of checks and balances is meant to
prevent any one branch of government from gaining complete
power and control over the
, government by allowing each branch to monitor and influence what
happens in other branches of government.
9. Which of the following protects Locke's idea of natural rights and
provides Montesquieu's protections known as due process of law?: -Bill of
Rights
-This addition to the Constitution focuses on protecting the liberties or
freedoms by protecting such rights as freedom of speech and
providing due process of law when citizens must interact with the
government over legal matters.
10. How is the unicameral Congress different from a bicameral Congress?:
-
-A unicameral Congress has one chamber while a bicameral Congress
has two.
-Under the Articles of Confederation there was a unicameral Congress,
which con- sisted of one chamber known as the Confederation. Today,
Congress is bicameral and consists of two chambers -- the House of
Representatives and the Senate.
11.What was the basis of representation in Congress under the Articles of
Confederation?: -each state had one vote in the congress
-all the states were considered to be equal
12.Why were the powers of the national government severely limited
under the Articles of Confederation?: -To prevent the national
government from be- coming too powerful or abusing the rights of
individual citizens and states.
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