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WGU BioChem OA Review with complete solution
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WGU BioChem OA Review with complete solution
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WGU BioChem OA Review1. Males and Females are equally affected: Answer- Autosomal
2. The process of copying DNA in the lab.: Answer- Polymerase Chain
Reaction (PCR)
3. Template DNA, Nucleotides (dNTPS), DNA Polymerase, and DNA
Primers.-
: Answer- What is needed for Polymerase Chain Reaction?
4. Denaturing, Annealing, Elongating: Answer- What are the three steps
of a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)?
5. Denaturing (DNA is heated up to separate it): Answer- What is the
first step of a Polymerase Chain Reaction?
6. Cooling the Polymerase Chain Reaction. Primers stick to the DNA that
you want to copy and ADD DNA Polymerase: Answer- What is
Annealing?
7. The Polymerase Chain Reaction is heated and DNA Polymerase
adds nucleotides to build a new DNA strand.: Answer- What is
elongating?
8. Ligase: Answer- What is NOT involved in PCR?
9. It is used to repair damage to bases caused by harmful molecules by
removing the base that is damaged and replacing it. #1 GLYCOSYLASES
,see the damaged DNA. #2 DNA Polymerase puts the right one back #3
DNA Ligase seals it.: Answer- What is base excision repair (BER)?
10.DNA Glycolysase sees the damage and removes it, DNA polymerase
puts the tight base back, DNA ligase seals it back up.: What are the 3
steps in base excision repair?
11.1: How many nucleotides does base excision repair remove?
12. Mismatch Repair (MMR). It is the only one to occur during
REPLICATION
- DURING THE PROOFREADING: What is it called when a large section
of the nucleotide is removed from the DNA so that DNA polymerase
can try again? (This corrects DNA damage)
13.Mismatch Repair (MMR) repairs errors such as G with T instead of G
with C. DNA Polymerase fixes it. This happens during replication and MMR
removes a large section of the nucleotide from the DNA and DNA
Polymerase tries again.: What repairs a base mismatch?
14. When DNA polymerase takes an individual nucleotide and matches
d with RNA
them to the parental sequences to ensure a correct pair. (it mustWhat
bin is
primer to work). ie: DNA Polymerase binds to DNA to make RNA:
Transcription?
, 15.CLEANS damage caused by things such as UV rays and repairs it. A
large section of nucleotides are removed, including the damaged portion,
along with a few on each side. It is then replaced by DNA polymerase.:
What is NecleoTIDE repair
16.It repairs double stranded breaks (last effort) by copying another
strand of DNA and replacing it completely.: What is Homologous
Recombination?
17.Another last effort to repair a double strand break by putting the ends
back together before making sure they are correctly copied. This can lead
to deletions/insertions (frameshift mutations).: What is Non-Homologous
Re- combintaion?
18.It must bind to RNA primer: What does DNA Polymerase bind to in
order to make RNA TRANSCRIPTION DNA take the individual nucleotide
and match them to the PARENTAL sequences to ensure a correct pair.
19.introns (non-coding region) are removed and exons (coding region)
joined to form a contiguous coding sequence.: What happens during
RNA splicing to generate a mature RNA molecule?
20.The ability to turn genes on and off: What is Gene Expression?
21.The study of changes in organisms caused by modification of
gene expression NOT alternation of the gene code.: What is
epigenetics?
22.Where a DNA molecule wraps around histone proteins to form tight
loops called nucleosomes. These nucleosomes coil and stack together to
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