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ALL NREMT SOLUTION BANK (2022)
NREMT written exam
NREMT Practice questions 1 2022
NREMT practise test bank- multiple choice
NREMT – Everything you need to know
NREMT practice exam 2 2022
NREMT Written EMT basic exam
NREMT Cognitive exam prep 2022
NREMT PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS 2022
NREMT paramedic exam
NREMT Cognitive Exam Prep 2022
Where does the modern EMS system have its origin? The modern
EMS system has its origins in funeral homes, which often operated
ambulances. However, funeral home operators were often serving
competing business interests and patients received little trained care until
the hospital.
What is considered the "birth" of EMS? In 1966, a paper titled
"Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern
Society" is published by the National Academy of Sciences. This paper
is widely known in the EMS profession as the White Paper. The White
Paper is widely considered the birth of modern EMS. It spotlighted
inadequacies of prehospital care in the United States, particularly related
to trauma.
Who developed the first EMT National Standard Curriculum? Early
in the 1970s, the US Department of Transportation developed the first
EMT National Standard Curriculum.
What are the levels of EMS training? Emergency Medical Responder
(EMR): provides basic, immediate care including bleeding control, CPR,
AED and emergency childbirth.
,Emergency Medical Technician (EMT): includes all EMR skills,
advanced oxygen and ventilation skills, pulse oximetry, noninvasive
blood pressure monitoring, and administration of certain medications.
Advanced Emergency Medical Technician (AEMT): includes all EMT
skills, advanced airway devices, intravenous and intraosseous access,
blood glucose monitoring, and administration of additional medications.
Paramedic: includes all preceding training levels, advanced assessment
and management skills, various invasive skills, and extensive
pharmacology interventions. This is the highest level of prehospital care
outlined in the National EMS Education Standards.
What are EMT roles and responsibilities? Equipment preparedness
Emergency vehicle operations
Establish, maintain scene safety
Patient assessment and treatment
Lifting and moving
Strong verbal and written communication skills
Patient advocacy
Professional development
Quality improvement
Illness and injury prevention
Maintain certification/licensure
What is the role of the medical director? The medical director is a
physician responsible for providing medical oversight. The medical
director oversees quality improvement.
What are the two types of medical direction?Online medical direction:
direct contact between the physician and EMT via or radio.
Offline medical direction: written guidelines and protocols.
What is an EMT's first priority? The EMT's first priority is always his
or her own safety. Scene safety is always the top priority!
The EMT's safety priorities after personal safety are for his/her
partner(s), patients and bystanders.
,What are the types of stress? Acute stress: an immediate
physiological and psychological reaction to a specific event.
Delayed stress: a stress reaction that develops after the stressful event. It
does not interfere with the EMT's ability to perform during the stressful
event. PTSD is an example of delayed stress.
Cumulative stress: the result of exposure to stressful situations over a
prolonged period of time.
What are the stages of grief? Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance
How can you prevent the risk of infection? Immediately report
exposures to the designated infection control officer.
Handwashing is the single most important way to prevent the spread of
infection. Hand sanitizers can be effective, but soap and water is
preferred when available.
What are the two types of PPE? Minimum PPE: gloves and eye
protection should be used during any patient contact situation.
Expanded PPE: use disposable gown and mask for significant contact
with any body fluid--for example, during childbirth. Use a high-
efficiency particulate air (HEPA) mask o N-95 respirator for suspected
airborne disease exposure, such as tuberculosis.
What are emergency moves? These are used when the scene is
dangerous and the patient must be moved before providing patient care.
Types of emergency moves include the armpit-forearm drag, shirt drag,
and blanket drag.
What is an urgent move? Used when the patient has potentially life-
threatening injuries or illness and must be moved quickly for evaluation
and transport.
Rapid extrication: an urgent move used for patients in a motor vehicle; it
requires multiple rescuers and a long backboard. The patient is rotated
, onto a backboard with manual cervical spine precautions and removed
from the vehicle.
What are non-urgent moves? Used when there are no hazards and no
life-threatening conditions are apparent.
Types of non-urgent moves include direct ground lift, extremity lift,
direct carry method, and draw sheet method.
What is the log roll technique? Commonly used to place a patient on a
backboard or assess the posterior.
Can be done while maintaining manual cervical spine precautions.
Should have at least three trained personnel. The person controlling
manual cervical spine protection should direct the log roll.
What are special considerations for bariatric patients? Obese patients
pose additional challenges and risks to providers during lifting and
movement.
Some EMS systems have special bariatric ambulances with specialized
equipment, automated lifting systems, and wider stretchers capable of a
greater weight capacity.
What is supine hypotensive syndrome? Patients in the later stages of
pregnancy should not be placed supine due to the risk of supine
hypotensive syndrome. Place the pregnant patient on her left side. If
patient has potential cervical spine trauma, tilt backboard to the left
about 20 degrees.
When can patients be restrained? In general, patients may be forcibly
restrained if they pose a significant, immediate threat to you, your
partner, or others.
Restraining a patient against his will is a last resort.
Anticipate and plan. Request law enforcement assistance. Contact
medical direction when possible.
Guidelines for restraining a patient:
-Get additional help whenever possible; at least 4 people is
recommended.
-Use the minimum amount of force necessary to protect yourself, the
patient and others.
-Secure patient supine, with backboard if available. DO NOT secure the
patient in a prone position.
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