Summary Chapter 6 - Chemical Energetics CIE IGCSE Chemistry
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Course
IGCSE CHEMISTRY
Institution
IGCSE CHEMISTRY
These summary notes are all according to the CIE IGCSE Chemistry specification and syllabus. They cover everything required by the syllabus and include labelled diagrams gotten from many useful sources. The notes were used by a student who achieved a 9 in the subject.
· EXOTHERMIC REACTIONS:
- A reaction that transfers energy to the surroundings so the temperature of the surrounding increases.
- Examples: combustion, many oxidation reactions + neutralisation
- Day-to-day examples: hand warmers, self-heating cans for coffee or tea,…
- In these reactions energy is released when bonds are formed in products.
- Energy needed to break bonds > energy released
· ENDOTHERMIC REACTIONS:
- A reaction that takes in energy from the surroundings so the temperature of the surrounding decreases.
- Examples: thermal decomposition, reaction of citric acids
- Day-to-day examples: some sport ice packs are based on endothermic reactions.
- In these reactions energy is taken to break bonds in the reactants.
- Energy needed to break bonds < energy released.
· TO CALCULATE THE ENERGY OF THESE REACTIONS:
· BURNING FUELS:
- Hydrogen can be used as a fuel because it can be burnt to produce energy.
- Burning fuels releases heat energy.
- These reactions involve reacting fuels with oxygen / oxidation of fuels.
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