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Nclex review- 4/150 Questions and answers/100% Scores.
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Nclex review- 4/150 Questions and answers/100% Scores.
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Nclex review- 4/150 Questions and answers/100%Scores.
A young adult is involved in a motorcycle accident and is brought to the emergency room. The physician diagnoses a closed head injury with suspected subdural hematoma. Although complaining of a severe headache, the client is alert and answers questions appropriately. The nurse should question which of the following orders? 1. "Promethazine (Phenergan) 25 mg IM 3 h." 2. "Morphine sulfate 10 mg IM q3 4h." 3. "Docusate sodium (Colace) 50 mg PO bid." 4. "Ranitidine (Zantac) 50 mg IVPB q12h." - Correct Answer -Strategy: "Question which of the following orders" indicates an incorrect order.
(1) H1 receptor blocker, used as an antiemetic
(2) correct—narcotic analgesic, causes CNS and respiratory depression, contraindicated in head injury because it masks signs of increased intracranial pressure
(3) stool softener, used for an immobilized patient
(4) H2 histamine antagonist, reduces acid production in stomach, prevents stress ulcers
The nurse returns to the desk and finds four phone messages to return. Which of the following messages should the nurse return FIRST? 1. A woman in the first trimester of pregnancy complains of heartburn. 2. A man complains of heartburn that radiates to the jaw. 3. A woman complains of hot flashes and difficulty sleeping. 4. A boy complains of knee pain after playing basketball. - Correct Answer -
(1) caused by reflux of gastric contents into esophagus, treatment is small, frequent meals, don't consume fluids with food, don't wear tight clothing
(2) correct—indicates chest pain, needs to seek medical attention immediately
(3) caused by menopause, treat with hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
(4) should treat with rest and ice
A patient is admitted to the surgical unit with a diagnosis with rule out (R/O) intestinal obstruction. The nurse prepares to insert a Salem sump NG tube as ordered. It is BEST for the nurse to place the patient in which of the following
positions? 1. Head of bed elevated 30-45°. 2. Head of bed elevated 60-90°. 3. Side-lying with head elevated 15°. 4. Lying flat with head turned to the left side. - Correct Answer -Strategy: Remember the positioning strategy.
(1) head of bed not elevated enough
(2) correct—facilitates swallowing and movement of tube through gastrointestinal tract
(3) not the best position
(4) not the best position
The nurse monitors the fluid status of an older patient receiving IV fluids following surgery. Which of the following symptoms suggests to the nurse that the patient has fluid volume overload? 1. Temperature 101°F (38.3°C), BP 96/60, pulse 96 and thready. 2. Cool skin, respiratory crackles, pulse 86 and bounding. 3. Complaints of a headache, abdominal pain, and lethargy. 4. Urinary output 700 ml/24 h, CVP of 5, and nystagmus. - Correct Answer -
(1) indicates dehydration
(2) correct—will see bounding pulse, elevated BP, distended neck veins, edema, headache, polyuria, diarrhea, liver enlargement
(3) symptoms could be from causes other than volume overload
(4) slightly reduced output, CVP would be elevated, normal CVP 3 to 12 mm/H2O, involuntary eye movements not seen
A woman has been recently diagnosed with systemic lupus (SLE) and shares with the nurse, "I am thinking about getting pregnant, but I don't know how I will be able to tolerate a pregnancy because I have lupus." Which of the following responses by the nurse is BEST? 1. "Most women find that they feel better when they are pregnant." 2. "How long have you been in remission?" 3. "Women with lupus frequently have slightly longer gestations." 4. "It is best to become pregnant within the first 6 months of diagnosis." - Correct Answer -Strategy: Answers are a mix of assessments and implementations. Does this situation require assessment? Yes.
(1) maternal morbidity and mortality are increased with SLE
(2) correct—should be in remission for at least 5 months prior to conceiving
(3) gestation not affected by SLE
(4) recommended that a woman wait 2 years following diagnosis before conceiving
The multidisciplinary team decides to implement behavior modification with a client. Which of the following nursing actions is of primary importance during this time? 1. Confirm that all staff members understand and comply with the treatment
plan. 2. Establish mutually agreed-upon, realistic goals. 3. Ensure that the potent reinforcers (rewards) are important to the client. 4. Establish a fixed interval schedule for reinforcement. - Correct Answer -(1)
correct—to implement a behavior modification plan successfully, all staff members need to be included in program development, and time must be allowed for discussion of concerns from each nursing staff member; consistency and follow-through is important to prevent or diminish the level of manipulation by the staff or client during implementation of this program
(2) not of primary importance in designing an effective behavior modification
program
(3) not of primary importance in designing an effective behavior modification
program
(4) not of primary importance in designing an effective behavior modification
program
A client received six units of regular insulin 3 hours ago. The nurse is MOST concerned if which of the following is observed? 1. Kussmaul respirations and diaphoresis. 2. Anorexia and lethargy. 3. Diaphoresis and trembling. 4. Headache and polyuria. - Correct Answer -Strategy: "MOST concerned" indicates a complication. (1) Kussmaul respirations are signs of hyperglycemia
(2) not indicative of hypoglycemia
(3) correct—regular insulin peaks in 2 to 4 hours; indicates hypoglycemia; give skim milk
(4) not indicative of hypoglycemia
The nursing assistant reports to the nurse that a client who is 1 day postoperative after an angioplasty refuses to eat and states, "I just don't feel
good." Which of the following actions by the nurse is BEST? 1. Talk with the client about how the client is feeling. 2. Instruct the nursing assistant to sit with the client while the client eats. 3. Contacts the physician to obtain an order for an antacid. 4. Evaluate the most recent vital signs recorded in the chart. - Correct Answer -Strategy: Answers are a mix of assessments and implementations. Does this situation require assessment? Yes. Is the assessment appropriate? Yes.
(1) correct—assessment required; monitor for closure of vessel, bleeding, hypotension, dysrhythmias
(2) assess cause of problem before implementing
(3) assess cause of problem before implementing
(4) more important to assess what is happening now
The nurse prepares a patient for a cesarean section. The patient says that she had major surgery several years ago and asks if she will receive a similar
"shot" before surgery. The nurse's response should be based on an understanding that the preoperative medication given before a cesarean section 1. contains a lower overall dosage of medication than is given before general surgery. 2. contains lower amounts of sedatives and hypnotics than are given before general surgery. 3. contains lower amounts of narcotics than are given before general surgery. 4. contains medications similar in type and dosages to those given before general surgery. - Correct Answer -Strategy: Think about the action of the medications.
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