If
Kipling Rudyard
Introductory points
Addressed to the writer’s son but it is more widely directed to a young boy growing into
adulthood
A poem bases on a father giving fatherly advice to his son
It can be taken as a universal advice
STRUCTURE/FORM
4 Stanzas – each containing 8 lines [ focused on related virtues]
Iambic pentameter
Rhyme scheme ABABCDCD
The poem is a single long sentence in conditional tense
The poem is second person
A dramatic monologue
POEM
Stanza 1
If you can keep your head when all about you
Are losing theirs and blaming it on you,
If you can trust yourself when all men doubt you,
But make allowance for their doubting too; PATIENCE
If you can wait and not be tired by waiting,
Or, being lied about, don’t deal in lies,
Or, being hated, don’t give way to hating,
And yet don’t look too good, nor talk too wise:
NOTES
IF conjunction
[ to include a long list of conditional clauses]
Used to show that he persons success depends on the conditions that kipling mentions
by mentioning the things the boy should do in order to become a ‘‘man’’
emphasizing how he should behave and some uncertainty within it
“If you can” Repetition [ Anaphora ]
you / yourself second person = specific/general address
portrays the father talking tohis child
gives an idea of a person talking toa reader too
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