VATI Med Surg QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALL CORRECT UPDATED 2022/2023
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VATI Med Surg
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Chamberlain University
A nurse is caring for a client who has atopic dermatitis and a prescription for triamcinolone ointment. The nurse should assess the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects? Correct Answer: Thinning of the skin.
Only apply the ointment to dry patches of the skin to avoid at...
vati med surg questions and answers all correct updated 20222023
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VATI Med Surg QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALL
CORRECT UPDATED 2022/2023
A nurse is caring for a client who has atopic dermatitis and a prescription for triamcinolone
ointment. The nurse should assess the client to monitor for which of the following adverse
effects? Correct Answer: Thinning of the skin.
Only apply the ointment to dry patches of the skin to avoid atrophy.
A nurse is assessing a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings
should the nurse identify as a manifestation of left-sided heart failure? Correct Answer: Frothy
sputum
Pink-tinged frothy sputum can be an early indication of pulmonary edema and can be life-
threatening. Therefore, the nurse should notify the provider immediately.
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing anxiety as well as numbness and tingling of the
lips and fingers. The client's ABGs are: pH 7.48, PCO2 30 mm Hg, HCO3- 24 mEq/L, PaO2 85
mm Hg. Which of thefollowing acid-base imbalances should the nurse identify that the client is
experiencing? Correct Answer: Respiratory alkalosis
- The pH is alkaline (increased)
- PCO2 is decreased representing alveolar hyperventilation & resultant respiratory alkalosis
A nurse is assessing a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following findings
should the nurse expect? Correct Answer: Osteoporosis
Bone become thinner as a result of mineral loss & nitrogen depletion.
A nurse is inspecting the skin of a client who has basal cell carcinoma. The nurse should identify
which of the following lesion characteristics on the client's skin? Correct Answer: A pearly,
waxy nodule.
- Basal cell carcinoma has a nodular lesion with well defined borders & pearly or waxy
appearance resulting from overexposure to the sun. especially on the face, head, and neck.
-A client who has melanoma has a lesion with irregular borders and variegated colors of red,
white, and blue, most often on the upper back or lower legs.
-A client who has squamous cell carcinoma has a firm, nodular, and crusty lesion with a
ulcerated center, resulting from sun exposure, chronic irritation, burns, or irradiation to the skin.
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who is overusing prescribed diuretics
and has a sodium level of 127 mEq/L. Which of the following laboratory findings should the
nurse expect? Correct Answer: LOW URINE SPECFIC GRAVITY.
,-A client who has hyponatremia as a result of diuretic overuse has a low urine specific gravity.
The increased excretion of water alters the ratio of particulate matter, which affects the specific
gravity.
A home health nurse is assisting a client with planning care for a family member who has
Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Correct
Answer: Remove clutter from rooms and hallways
- This allows the client is able to walk without the risk of falling or tripping over objects. Later in
the disease, the client can experience seizures, so cluttered areas could be a risk to the client
A nurse is caring for a client who has developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of this syndrome?
Correct Answer: REFRACTORY HYPOXEMIA
- A client who has ARDS has refractory hypoxemia, which is hypoxemia that does not improve
with oxygen therapy. Extensive pulmonary edema evident on a chest x-ray is a manifestation of
ARDS.
An emergency room nurse is assessing a client who has asthma and difficulty breathing. Which
of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing status
asthmaticus? Correct Answer: USE OF ASSCESSORY MUSCLES.
- A client who has status asthmaticus uses accessory muscles to help facilitate breathing, which
is a manifestation of a severe airflow obstruction. The situation is life-threatening and the nurse
should intervene immediately with strong systemic bronchodilators, epinephrine, corticosteroids,
and oxygen.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for PHENYTOIN to treat a seizure
disorder. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to report
IMMEDIATELY to the provider? Correct Answer: SKIN RASH.
- the nurse should determine that the priority finding is a rash, which can have a measles-like
appearance and progress to exfoliative dermatitis or Stevens-Johnson syndrome. The client
should report this finding to the provider immediately.
A nurse is monitoring a client following a LUMBAR LAMINECTOMY. The client has a drain
and indwelling urinary catheter. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an
indication of a COMPLICATION of the surgery? Correct Answer: CLEAR DRAINAGE OF
DRESSINGS
- This is an indication of a cerebral spinal leak
A nurse is assessing a client who has RIGHT-SIDED HEART FAILURE. Which of the
following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of RIGHT- SIDED HEART
FAILURE? Correct Answer: INCREASED ABDOMINAL GIRTH
, A nurse is caring for a client who recently assumed the role of caregiver for their aging parents
who have chronic illnesses. The nurse should identify that which of the following statements by
the client indicates ACCEPTANCE of the role change? Correct Answer: " I changed the floor
plan of our homes to accommodate my father's wheelchair. "
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving VANCOMYCIN intermittent IV bolus therapy for
METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS. Which of the following
findings is an indication to the nurse that the client is experiencing an ADVERSE EFFECT of
the medication? Correct Answer: THE CLIENT IS BECOMING FLUSHED.
- Flushing is a manifestation of an infusion reaction to vancomycin that also causes a rash on the
face and upper body, called red man syndrome. Red man syndrome results from infusing
vancomycin to rapidly. The nurse should infuse the medication over at least 60 mins.
A nurse is caring for a male client who has a new prescription for CYCLOSPORINE following a
kidney transplant. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect
of this therapy? Correct Answer: BUN 24 mg/dL.
- A BUN of 24 mg/dL is above the expected reference range of 10 to 20 mg/dL, indicating renal
impairment. An adverse effect of cyclosporine is nephrotoxicity
A nurse is caring for a client who has DUMPING SYNDROME following a gastric resection.
The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following complications of DUMPING
SYNDROME? Correct Answer: IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA.
- The nurse should monitor the client for manifestations of anemia, such as pallor, tachycardia,
and fatigue.
Rapid emptying of the stomach contents into the intestine can lead to reduced absorption of iron
in the duodenum, causing iron-deficiency anemia.
A nurse is assessing a client who takes SALMETEROL to treat moderate asthma. Which of the
following findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication has been effective? Correct
Answer: The client's daily peak expiratory flow (PEF) measures 85% above personal best.
- A client who has asthma should use a peak flow meter twice daily to monitor asthma control. A
PEF in the green zone, or 80% or above personal best, indicates the effectiveness of medication
therapy.
A nurse is providing teaching about health promotion activities for a client who has a new
diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates
an understanding of the teaching? Correct Answer: " I WILL CHECK MY BLOOD SUGAR
LEVEL BEFORE EXCERCISING. "
- Clients who have diabetes mellitus should not exercise if their blood glucose level is less than
80 mg/dL or greater than 250 mg/dL. A client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and is
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