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Summary Biology GCSE AQA B1 Revision Notes $3.89   Add to cart

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Summary Biology GCSE AQA B1 Revision Notes

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A summary of the topic of B1, with a bit of detail but easy to learn notes and a good explanation of the topic. Includes practical experiments.

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  • October 7, 2022
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Biology AQA GCSE B1 Revision Notes


Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells


Eukaryotic - Contain their genetic material enclosed in their nucleus.
Prokaryotic - Genetic material is not enclosed in the nucleus.




Eukaryotic Prokaryotic

Size is 5 - 100 micrometres Size is 0.1 - 5 micrometres

Nucleus is present Nucleus is not present (Loop of DNA)

Multicellular Unicellular

Mitochondria is present Mitochondria is absent

Ribosomes are bigger Ribosomes are smaller

Vesicles present Vesicles present

Chloroplasts present (In plants) Chloroplasts absent (Chlorophyll in cytoplasm)

More than 1 number of chromosomes One chromosome is present

Flagella is absent Flagella is present

Vacuoles present Vacuoles absent




Examples Examples

Bacteria Protists, Fungi

Archaea Plants

Animals

, Animal Cell Specialisation



Most animal cells are specialised.
They have adaptations that help it with its job.
A cell specialising is called differentiation.


EG - Sperm cells have lots of mitochondria (provide energy), have a long tail to swim to the
ovum, Contain enzymes to digest their way through the outer layer of the ovum.


EG - Nerve cells have axons which carry the electrical impulses from one part of the body to
another. Myelin insulates the axon, speeds up transmission of impulses. The end of the axon
has synapses which allow the impulse to travel through different nerve cells. Dendrites have a
large surface area to connect with other nerve cells easier.


EG - Muscle cells have lots of mitochondria for energy, muscle cells join together to form
muscle tissue. Muscle cells can contract, Contain protein fibres which can change the length.

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