A comprehensive set of essay plans for conservatism, socialism and feminism (reduced specification 2022). Uses quotes and examples of key thinkers alongside development of points. Clear answering of the question asked with evidence and examples.
Achieved an A in the 2022 exam series.
Evaluate the view that conservatism is merely the politics of pragmatism.
/ To what extent do different conservatives agree on pragmatism?
Agreement Disagreement
- Traditional conservatives agree on - Traditional conservatives focus on
the need for pragmatism and pragmatism in the sense of change
demonstrate this in the terms of to conserve, as suggested by Burke,
individualism. Hobbes argues that whereas the New Right focus
individuals demonstrate pragmatism instead on the sense of the
which guarantees the stability of atomisation of society, which
society, and all traditional highlights fundamentally different
conservatives agree on this point, approaches towards conservatism
with mild support from One Nation - Traditional conservatives focus on
conservatives pragmatism and the reality that
humans are flawed, whereas the
New Right take a focus that is more
optimistic and that humans do have
good in them that should be
considered, which is not compatible
with pragmatism in the same way
To what extent is conservatism a philosophy of imperfection?
Agree Disagree
- Focuses on the fact that humans are - Oakeshott argued that although
imperfect and selfish which means there are flaws, humankind is
that it highlights the philosophy of capable of kindness, wisdom and
imperfection that we are not unequivocally flawed
- Conservatives have a dislike of - New-right libertarians - such as
radical change - they tend to adopt Nozick, have an optimistic view of
'change to conserve' attitude to human nature viewing that when
matters, and this derives from a humans have the ability to use their
belief that human potential ought not freedom in a free-market that they
to be overestimated thrive and fulfil their potential
- Conservatism's emphasis on order, - One-Nation conservatives view that
authority and tradition stem from a moral imperfection ought to be the
pessimism of human nature and source of understanding matters and
they view these as a means to tend to be more liberal in their
counter the innate flaws of attitudes to law
individuals.
To what extent is conservatism a coherent ideology?
, Agree Disagree
- Agree on the negative view of - Conservatism is politically
human nature and the fact that incoherent due to the nature of the
humans are selfish and needy inbuilt tensions between One Nation
- Agree on the fact that the state is and the New Right
designed to provide order, authority - Conservatism is reactive which
and security means different writers at different
- Agree on the fact that hierarchy and times are reacting to different
inequality is needed for the state to events, causing lack of coherency in
run in the most efficient ways opinions
- Disagreement between ON and NR
on the ideas around the
development of society
To what extent do different conservatives agree about the nature of society?
Agree Disagree
- Agree that there is emphasis on - One Nation conservatives argue that
tradition and hierarchy, and that society should develop organically
largely society is a community over time, whereas New Right argue
developed from the state that society should develop
atomistically
- Traditional and New Right
conservatives argue that there
should be a focus on individualism,
whereas One Nation argue for a
focus on paternalism and community
to a greater extent
To what extent do different conservatives agree about economics?
Agree Disagree
- All conservatives agree that - Traditional conservatives favour free
inequality and hierarchy are part of market and laissez faire economics,
the economic system and agree that whereas One Nation conservatives
usually laissez faire economics can do focus on the ideas of planned
gain the best results economic with more intervention for
the welfare state
- One Nation focuses on free markets
and public ownership whereas New
Right focuses on the ideas of
privatisation in order to increase
efficiency and highlight economic
freedom
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