100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
A* Grade A-Level AQA Geography Detailed Revision Notes - Water and Carbon Module $20.13   Add to cart

Other

A* Grade A-Level AQA Geography Detailed Revision Notes - Water and Carbon Module

1 review
 64 views  4 purchases
  • Course
  • Institution

Detailed revision notes covering the Water and Carbon topic of the AQA Geography Course. The notes include case studies, necessary knowledge and essay plan structured arguments. The structure of the notes is as follows; 3.1.1.1 Water and carbon cycles as natural systems 2 Systems in phys...

[Show more]

Preview 3 out of 20  pages

  • September 7, 2022
  • 20
  • 2022/2023
  • Other
  • Unknown

1  review

review-writer-avatar

By: alfiegreen100 • 11 months ago

avatar-seller
The Water + Carbon cycles

3.1.1.1 Water and carbon cycles as natural systems
Systems in physical geography


Flow/transfer - a form of linkage between one store/component and another that involves
movement of energy or mass.
Input - The addition of matter and or energy into a system
Store/component - a part of the system where energy/mass is stored or transformed
System - a set of interrelated components working together towards some kind of process
Boundaries - Limits to the system e.g. watershed


Open systems - revive inputs and transfer outputs of energy or matter with other systems.
Closed systems - when energy inputs = outputs aka when dynamic equilibrium is achieved
Isolated systems - no interactions with anything outside of the system, boundary snd there is no
inputs or outputs - usually takes place in labs as very few natural systems are isolated.
Positive feedback - when a chain of events ampli es the impact of thee original event
Negative feedback - when a chain of events nulli es the impact of the original event leading to
dynamic equilibrium.


The earth itself can be studied using a systems approach as it can be considered a closed
systems —> energy comes in from solar energy and is balanced by the radiant energy lost by the
earth.


At the global level, the earth has 4 major subsystems;
1. Atmosphere
2. Lithosphere
3. Biosphere
4. Hydrosphere
Each of these can be considered an open system that forms part of a chain; a cascading system




fifi

,Water cycle diagram




Carbon cycle diagram

, 3.1.1.3 The carbon cycle

Anthropogenic CO2 - Carbon dioxide generated by human activity
Biosphere - the total sum of all living matter
Carbon sequestration - the capture of CO2 from the atmosphere of capturing anthropogenic
CO2 from large scale sources like power plants before its released into the atmosphere.
Carbon sink - a store of carbon that absorbs more than it releases
Greenhouse gas - any gaseous compound in the atmosphere that is capable or absorbing
infrared radiation, thereby trapping and holding heat in the atmosphere
Lithosphere - the crust and uppermost mantle
Weathering - the breakdown of rocks in situ (original place) by a combination of weather, plants
and animals

Global distribution; the size of major carbon stores
Carbon atoms move through the carbon cycle in many various forms;
- Carbon dioxide - respiration
- Methane - cows - enteric fermentation
- Calcium carbonate - methanogenesis
- Hydrocarbons - industry
- Bio-molecules - organisms


Origins of carbon on earth
• Primary source of CO2 is the earths interior - it was stored in the mantle when the earth was
formed and since has escaped at plate boundaries and hot spot volcanoes.
• Much of the CO2 released at destructive margins is derived from metamorphism of carbonate
rocks subducting with the ocean crust
• Some CO2 remains in the atmosphere, some sin the oceans, some in biomass living and dead
and decaying organisms


Major stores of carbon
Lithosphere - stores over 99.985% of carbon in the world
• Marine sediments and sedimentary rock - 100 million GtC
• Soil organic matter - 1,500-1,600 GtC
• Fossil fuel deposits of coal - 4,100 GtC
• Peat - 250 GtC


Hydrosphere - 0.0076% carbon in world

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller dettyprior. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $20.13. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

75632 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling

Recently viewed by you


$20.13  4x  sold
  • (1)
  Add to cart