Summary
Summary Physical science matric notes
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A detailed summary of all physics concepts covered from grade 10-12, with worked examples and the SAGS definitions.
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smatric 2022
P H Y 5 1 CS
Shayne Coertzen
, definitions
collations grams of 7701.07
distance→
leg nth of path travelled
displacement → change in position
speed → rate of change of distance
velocity → rate of change of displacement
acceleration → rate of change of velocity
forces Tetons as
weight ( Fg ) gravitational force the Earth exerts on any object on / near it 's surface
→
normal force ( FN ) → perpendicular force exerted by it 's surface on an object in contact with it
frictional force ( Ff ) → force that opposes motion of an object and acts parallel to the surface
which the object is in contact
with
Newton 's 1st object continues in a state of rest or uniform velocity unless acted
1am → an
upon by a net / resultant force
inertia → property of an object that causes it to resist a change in its state of rest
Newtons 2nd when a net force , Fnet is applied to an object of mass , m , it accelerates
law → ,
in the direction of the net force acceleration , a , is directly proportional to
.
the net force and inversely proportional to the mass
Newton 's 2nd Law ( momentum ) → net force acting on an object is equal to the rate of change of momentum
Newton 's 3rd law →
when object A exerts a force on object B. object B simultaneously exerts an oppositely directed
directed force of equal magnitude on object A
echo 's
'
vector quantity →
physical quantity that has both magnitude and direction
scalar quantity → Physical quantity that has magnitude only
resultant vector →
single vector which has the same effect as the original vectors acting together
7707791077 energy
linear momentum → product of mass -1 velocity of the object
law of conservation of linear momentum of an isolated system remains constant
→ total
linear momentum
elastic collision → collision in which both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved
inelastic collision → collision in which
only momentum is conserved
impulse (1) → product of net force and contact time
work → product of displacement and component of force parallel to displacement
gravitational potential energy → energy object posses es due to its position relative to a reference point
kinetic energy object has as result of it 's motion
energy
→
mechanical energy → sum of gravitational potential and kinetic energy at a point
law of conservation of
energy total energy in a system cannot be created or destroyed , only
→
transformed from one form to another
principle of conservation of mechanical energy → in absence of air resistance or any external forces
mechanical energy of an object is constant
,
work -
energy theorem → work done by a net force on an object is equal to the change in kinetic
energy of the object
power →
rate at which work is done
watt → power when one joule of work is done in one second
efficiency → ratio of output power to input power
electric .by
Potential difference → work done per unit positive charge
current → rate of flow of charge
0hm 'S law → current
through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential
difference across the conductor at a constant temperature
resistance → material 's opposition to the flow of electric current
EMF →
total energy supplied per coloumb Of charge by the cell
,e echo statics
newton 's law of universal gravitation →
every particle with a mass in the universe attracts every other
particle with a force that is directly proportional to the
product of their masses and inversely proportional
to the square of the distance between their centres
gravitational field → force acting per unit mass .
Described as a region in space where a mass
will experience a force
COIOUMD 's law → two point charges in free space / air exert forces on eachother . force is
directly proportional to product of the charges and inversely
the proportional
to the square of the distance between the charges
magnitude of an electric field at a point → force per unit positive charge
eecl-onagnet.sn flux density → representation of magnitude direction of
magnetic +
magnetic field
magnetic flux linkage → product of number of turns on the coil and through the coil
flux
Faraday 's law → emf induced is directly proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux
Lenz 's law → induced current flows in a direction so as to set up a magnetic field
to oppose the change in magnetic flux
diode →
component that only allows current to flow in one direction
0701-075 eect -075
threshold frequency ( to ) → minimum frequency of an incident radiation at which electrons
will be emitted from a particular metal
work function (Wo ) →
minimum amount of energy needed to emit an electron from
the surface of a metal
, collations
tips :
9^23750-17701.07
-
diagrams
equation not given
-
choose direction as positive
-
if up is + ve ; gravitational acceleration =
negative
vi. =
vitaot displacement
-
if down is + Vei gravitational acceleration =
positive
rest
vi-oox-viot.it/zaot2
-
→
height
final velocity
-
at Max velocity is 0 but
ga is still 9,8M s
2
downwards
-
-
-
slowing down → a is in opposite direction to motion
-
constant velocity __
0 acceleration Cox -_
vt )
vf2=vi2+2ao× time
_
convert KM.tn -1 to this -1 by dividing Hy 3,6
-
give direction for velocity displacement
, + acceleration
0×-1%-1 )ot
"
acceleration -
if up is taken as positive and object ends below starting point
↳ displacement is negative
Acceleration velocity Displacement
stationary
ox constant
constant
=
a = o v =
constant
ox increases
9=0 V = constant at constant rate
increasing velocity
U =
increasing ox increases at
9=0 at constant rate increasing rate
decreasing velocity
a constant at
V decreasing ox increases
= -
-
+ negative at constant a decreasing rate
rate
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