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Summary Dermatology Medical Notes

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Dermatology notes detailing skin pathologies and conditions for medical school examinations. Notes made from multiple resources such as oxford handbook, question banks, university lectures and UK guidelines. Look at specialty section and content list for the summary contents of this file.

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  • September 5, 2022
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  • 2022/2023
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Dermatology

Seán Keenan

2022

,Patterns of Skin Disease


Hypopigmented and Depigmented Lesions Hyperpigmented Lesions
Pityriasis versicolor Lentigos
- Sx: Superficial slightly scaly infection - Sx: Persistent brown, irregular macules
- Cx: Malassezia furfur (yeast) - Cx: Lentigo maligna = Subtype of melanoma in situ
- NB: Appears hypopigmented on darker skin - Cx: Solar lentigos = Sun-damaged skin in elderly
Pityriasis alba - Ix: Dermoscopes ± Full-thickness biopsy
- Sx: Hypopigmented skin - Mx: Excision >5 mm margins
- Cx: Post-eczema - NB: Larger than freckles and persist in winter
- NB: Often affects children faces Café-au-lait spots
Vitiligo - Sx: Faint brown macules
- Sx: Smooth depigmented patches or macules - Cx: If >5 in number consider neurofibromatosis
- Cx: AID – Primarily Thyroid disease Melasma (AKA Chloasma)
- Mx: ↓UV exposure; Topical steroids; UVA/UVB - Sx: Smooth brown patches especially on face
- Cx: Related to pregnancy or OCP use
Ring-Shaped Lesions Melanocytic naevi
Basal Cell Carcinoma - Sx: Moles
- Sx: Pearly papule + Central ulcer - Mx: Excision if suspicious or ↑ risk
Tinea Seborrhoeic Warts / Keratoses
- Sx: Scaly & itchy lesions with central healing - Sx: Benign greasy-brown warty lesions
- Cx: Ringworm (dermatophytosis) - NB: Affects back, chest and face; Esp. elderly
Granuloma Annulare Systemic Diseases
- Sx: Chronic inflammatory ~1 cm ring-shaped lesion - Addison’s disease
- Cx: Idiopathic o NB: Affects palmar creases, oral mucosa, scars
- NB: Often affects back of hands - Haemochromatosis
Erythema Multiforme o NB: Mostly on sun exposed skin (face)
- Sx: Target-like lesions - Porphyria cutanea tarda
- NB: Often affects extensor surfaces o NB: Lesions + skin fragility + blisters

Round, Oval, or Coin-Shaped (Discoid) Lesions Linear Lesions
Bowen’s Disease Köbner Phenomenon
- Sx: Slow-growing red, scaly plaque - Sx: Lesions related to skin injury (e.g. scratches)
Discoid Eczema - Cx: Multiple (Psoriasis; Molluscum contagiosum)
- Sx: Itchy, crusted/scaly eczema Dermatitis Artefactor
- NB: Worsened by heat - Sx: Bizarre-shaped lesions
Psoriasis - Cx: Self-inflicted by patient
- Sx: Well-defined scaly red/pink plaques Herpes Zoster
- ΔΔ: Discoid eczema (affects different surfaces/areas) - Sx: Vesicles / pustules
- NB: Affects extensor surfaces, scalp and natal cleft - NB: Follow dermatome (esp. trunk/ophthalmic)
Pityriasis Rosea Scabies Burrow
- Sx: Herald patch; Oval lesions with scaly edge - Sx: White/grey, track-like, raised burrow on skin
Erythema Migrans - Cx: Sarcoptes scabiei (Scabies mite)
- Sx: Bulls-eye rash Cutaneous Larval Migrans
- Cx: Pathognomic of Lyme disease - Sx: Itchy red pruritic eruption (Creeping eruption)
Impetigo - Cx: Hookworm infx (esp. Ancylostoma)
- Sx: Well-defined red patches + honey-coloured crust - NB: See hookworm in infectious disease notes

Pruritis
Presentation Management
- Sx: Excoriations; Lichenification; Papules; Nodules - Emollients: Dry skin
Causes - Antihistamines: Prochlorperazine;
- Common: Dry and older skin affected more - Steroids: Hydrocortisone
- Drugs: Aspirin; Penicillin; NSAIDs; Opioids - Jaundice: Cholestyramine
- Infx: Tinea; Lice; Insect bites; Scabies - Severe: Phototherapy
- Other: Jaundice; Photodermatitis; Allergies (urticaria)

, Terminology for Describing Lesions




Asymmetry Borders Colour Diameter Evolving

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