THE END OF BIPOLARITY (IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & NCERT BASED ANSWERS)
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POLITICAL SCIENCE
Institution
THIS DOCUMENT IS BASED ON THE END OF BIPOLARITY I.E. HOW USSR GOT DISINTEGRATED AND THINGS THAT TOOK PLACE AT PERIOD OF TIME. THIS DOCUMENT HAVE NECESSARY QUESTIONS AND NCERT BASED ANSWERS WHICH WILL HELP STUDENT IN THIER STUDIES. MOST ANSWERS ARE COVERD WITH KEY POINTS NECESSARY FOR PERFECT ANSWER...
Answers. It was the system where primacy was given to state and institution of the party. This
system centred around the communist party and no other political party or opposition was allowed.
The economy was planned and controlled by the state only.
2. Write the political and economic features of the Soviet System.
Answers.
POLITICAL FEATURES
i) The makers of the Soviet system gave primary to the State and the institution of the party.
ii) The Soviet political system centred around the communist party.
iii) No other political party or opposition was allowed.
ECONOMIC FEATURES
i) The economy was planned and controlled by the state.
ii) The Soviet economy was mere developed than the rest of the world except for the US.
iii) It had a domestic consumer industry that produced everything from pins to cars, though their
quality did not match that of the western capitalist countries.
iv) The Soviet state ensured a minimum standard of living for all citizens
3. Highlight the positive and negative features of the Soviet system, in the Soviet Union.
Answers.
POSITIVE FEATURES
i) The Soviet economy was more developed than rest of the world except USA.
ii) It had a domestic consumer industry that produced everything from pins to cars.
iii) The Soviet state ensured a minimum standard of living for all citizens.
iv) The Government subsidized necessities including health, education, child care and other welfare
schemes.
v) There was no unemployment.
vi) Land and productive assets were owned and controlled by the Soviet State.
, NEGATIVE FEATURES
i) The Soviet system became very bureaucratic and authoritarian, making live very difficult for its
citizen.
ii) Lack of democracy and the absence of freedom of speech shifted people who often expressed
their dissent in jokes and cartoons.
iii) Most of the institutions of the Soviet state needed reforms.
vi) The one-party system represented by the Communist Party of the Soviet union was unacceptable
to the people.
v) The party refused to recognize the urge of the people in the 15 different republics to manage their
own affairs including cultural.
vi) Although on paper, Russia was only one of the 15 republics, but in reality, Russia dominated
everything in USSR and people from other regions felt neglected and suppressed.
4. Why was Mikhail Gorbachev forced to initiate reforms and how did it lead to the disintegration
of the Soviet Union?
Answers. i) Mikhail Gorbachev thought to reform Soviet Union Reforms were necessary to keep the
USSR abreast of the information and technological developments taking place in the West.
ii) Gorbachev’s to normalize relations with the west and democratize, reforms the Soviet Union had
some negative effects.
iii) The people in the east European countries which were part of the Soviet bloc, started to protest
against their own govts and Soviet control.
iv) Gorbachev initiated the economic and political reform policies of perestroika (restructuring) and
glasnost (openness) and democratization within the country which were opposed by leaders within
the communist party.
v) The Soviet Union under Gorbachev, did not intervene when the disturbances occurred and the
communist regions collapsed one after another
vi) These developments were accompanied by a rapidly escalating crisis within the USSR that
influenced its disintegration.
5. Analyse the causes reasons of the disintegration of Soviet Union.
Answers. i) Economic stagnation for many years led to severe consumer goods shortage. For that,
large section of Soviet Society doubled and questioned the Soviet Economic system.
ii) The Soviet Union had become stagnant in political sense. The communist party that had ruled the
USSR for over 70 years was not accountable to the people.
iii) Administrative stagnation also played a vital role in the disintegration of USSR. In Soviet Union,
ordinary people were alienated by slow and stifling administration, corruption, inability of the
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