Chamberlain College of Nursing: NR 446 Exam 1 Review,100% CORRECT
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Course
NR 446
Institution
NR 446
Chamberlain College of Nursing: NR 446 Exam 1 Review
Nursing process
o The weakness of the nursing process, like the traditional problem-solving model, is in not requiring clearly stated objectives. Goals should be clearly stated in the planning phase of the process, but this step is frequen...
chamberlain college of nursing nr 446 exam 1 review
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Chamberlain College of Nursing: NR 446 Exam 1 Review
❖ Nursing process
o The weakness of the nursing process, like the traditional problem-solving
model, is in not requiring clearly stated objectives. Goals should be clearly
stated in the planning phase of the process, but this step is frequently omitted
or obscured.
❖ Role of the nurse as a client advocate
Advocacy
• Advocacy involves helping others to grow and self-actualize
• Nurses must advocate for themselves, clients, subordinates, and their
profession
• Advocates must inform others of their rights and make sure they have
enough information to make informed decisions
• Advocacy is defined as protecting and defending what one believes in for
both self and others
Nursing Values Central to Advocacy
1. Each individual has a right to autonomy in deciding what course of action
is most appropriate to meet his or her health-care goals
2. Each individual has a right to hold personal values and to use those
values in making health- care decisions
3. All individuals should have access to the information they need to make
informed decisions and choices
4. The nurse must act on behalf of patients who are unable to advocate for
themselves
5. Empowerment of patients and subordinates to make decisions and take
action on their own is the essence of advocacy
How Nurses Can Act as Advocates
• Helping others make informed decisions
• Acting as intermediaries in the environment
• Directly intervening on behalf of others
• Advocating for social justice
Controlling Patient Choices versus Assisting Patient Choices
▪ It is important for the patient advocate to be able to differentiate
between controlling patient choices (domination and dependence) and
assisting patient choices (allowing freedom)
▪ Allowing the patient to make his/her decision after he/she has been giving all
necessary
, information that could help in making the choice.
Advocating for Patients as Managers
• Creating a work environment that recognizes patients’ needs and goals as
paramount
• Creating a work culture in which patients are respected, well informed, and
empowered
• Advocating for patients with regard to distribution of resources and the use
of technology
• Taking risks particularly when advocating for a client may be in direct
conflict with a provider or institutional goal
Common Areas Requiring Nurse–Patient Advocacy
• End-of-life decisions; aging populations
• Technological advances
, • Health-care reimbursement
• Access to health care
• Provider–patient conflicts
• Withholding of information
• Insurance authorization
• Medical errors
• Patient information disclosure
• Patient grievance and appeals process
• Culture and ethnic diversity and sensitivity
• Respect for patient dignity
• Inadequate consents; complex social problems
• Incompetent health-care providers
o Priority nursing diagnosis for a client taking an antihypertensive medication
Alteration in cardiac output related to effects on the sympathetic nervous
system
o Instruct patients that htn drugs should not be stopped abruptly because this
causes rebound htn and could lead to stroke. Remind patients that meds
are only part of therapy; encourage patients to watch diet
o Clonazepam
▪ Change LOC, sweating, diaphoresis, tachycardia
▪ Contradiction with pregnancy
▪ Life threatening or dangerous side effects: respiratory depression,
hepatic dysfunction, renal dysfunction, seizures
▪ Monitor for S&S of overdose, including somnolence, confusion,
irritability, sweating, muscle and abdominal cramps, diminished
reflexes, coma.
▪ Should not discontinued suddenly because they may cause insomnia or
seizures
▪ Avoid sunlight and tanning beds
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