Chamberlain College of Nursing: NR 446REVIEW NOTES PART 2: Nonpharmacological Pain Management,GRADED A
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Course
NR 446
Institution
NR 446
Chamberlain College of Nursing: NR 446REVIEW NOTES PART 2: Nonpharmacological Pain Management
1. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), heat, cold. Therapeutic touch and massage.
2. Interruption of pain pathway
a. Cold for inflammation,
b. Heat to increase blood flow and to r...
b. Heat to increase blood flow and to reduce stiffness.
3. Distraction: includes ambulation, deep breathing, visitors, television and music
4. Relaxation: includes meditation, yoga, and progressive muscle relaxation
5. Imagery: focusing on a pleasant thought to divert focus, requires ability to
concentrate
6. Acupuncture: vibration or electrical stimulation via tiny needles inserted
into the skin and subcutaneous tissues at the specific points
a. Reduction of pain stimuli in the environment
b. Elevation of edematous extremities to promote venous return
and decrease swelling.
Benefits of applying ICE to extremity:
1. Decreases inflammation
2. Prevents swelling
3. Reduces bleeding
4. Reduces fever
5. Diminishes muscle spasms
6. Decreases pain by decreasing the velocity of nerve conduction.
Cold application is not approved for clients with cold intolerance, vascular
insufficiency and disorders aggravated by cold such as Reynaud’s phenomenon.
,Make sure to assess the site every 5 to 10 minutes check for: redness pallor
pain burning numbness shivering blisters, cyanosis.
**Remove application every 15 to 20 minutes
,PROPER AGENTS TO CLEAN UP BLOOD CONTAMINATION.
It is important to prevent exposure hazardous blood spill to
other people in the environment or hospital setting. There
are two important things to remember when cleaning blood
spilled on the floor.
1) You should always assumed that the blood is
infection with a dangerous disease. Blood can be
infected with diseases like Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C
and HIV.
2) The second important thing to know is to always be
prepared by having the right clean up equipment
and use it properly.
Blood can be cleaned safely by following OSHA’s Blood born
pathogen clean up kit that requires many equipments.
It is important to always protect yourself first. The materials
needed to protect your self are:
1) Protective cap
2) Eye protection
3) Protective gown
4) Mask
5) Disposable gloves
The materials needed to clean the blood spills are:
1) Absorbent materials
2) Disinfecting towelettes
3) Biohazard bag with zip tie
4) Scoop
5) BLEACH SOLUTION
There are steps to cleaning blood spilled on the floor.
1) It is important to prevent any other persons to
access the area until the cleanup is completed.
2) Put on disposable gloves, protect yourself
3) Use paper towel or other absorbent materials to
wipe the spill from the floor.
4) Use bleach solution, 1 part bleach to 9 parts water to
all areas of the floor that contained blood.
5) Let the bleach solution remain on the area for 20
minutes then wipe the bleach solution
6) All non-disposable cleaning materials need to be
disinfected by saturating with bleach solution and
allowed to air dry.
7) Remove your gloves and place in tie up garbage
, bags with all other soiled cleaning materials
8) Double bag and discard
9) Then thoroughly wash hands with soap and water.
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