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NCLEX PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWER LATEST TEST 2022 SOLUTION
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NCLEX PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERLATEST TEST
Which type of evaluation occurs continuously throughout the teaching and learning process?
A. Formative.
B. Retrospective.
C. Summative.
D. Informative. - Correct answer: A
Formative (or concurrent) evaluation occurs continuously throughout the teaching and learning
process. It includes assessing needs, process, implementation and potential outcomes. One benefit
is that the nurse can adjust teaching strategies as necessary to enhance learning. Retrospective or
summative evaluation occurs at the conclusion of teaching and learning sessions and often evaluates
how a group has done. It includes outcomes assessment, cost-effectiveness, and impact. Informative
isn't a type of evaluation.
A client with chest pain arrives in the emergency room and receives nitroglycerin, morphine, oxygen,
and aspirin. The client is diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome and suspected myocardial
infarction. The client arrives on the unit, and his vital signs are stable and he has no complaints of
pain. The nurse is reviewing the physician's orders. In addition to the medications given, which other
medication does the nurse expect the physician to order?
A. A -blocker, such as carvedilol (Coreg®).
B. Digoxin (Lanoxin®).
C. Furosemide (Lasix®).
D. Nitroprusside. - Correct answer: A
A patient who is admitted with suspected myocardial infarction should receive aspirin, nitroglycerin,
morphine, and a -blocker, such as carvedilol. Digoxin in indicated for arrhythmia rather than acute
coronary syndrome. Furosemide would be used if the client had signs of heart failure, such as
peripheral or pulmonary edema, but this is not evident. Nitroprusside is used to increase blood
pressure, but the client has stable vital signs and is not hypotensive.
The nurse is caring for a client after a lung lobectomy. The nurse notes fluctuating water levels in the
water-seal chamber of the client's chest tube. What action should the nurse take?
A. Do nothing, but continue to monitor the client.
B. Call the physician immediately.
C. Check the chest tube for a loose connection.
D. Add more water to the water-seal chamber. - Correct answer: A
Fluctuation in the water-seal chamber is a normal finding that occurs as the client breathes. No action
is required except for continued monitoring of the client. The nurse doesn't need to notify the
physician. Continuous bubbling in the water-seal chamber indicates an air leak in the chest tube
system, such as from a loose connection in the chest tube tubing. The water-seal chamber should be
filled initially to the 2 cm line, and no more water should be added.
A hospice program director was examining various activities related to client care with the intent of
improving quality. The director determined that many are clients were being admitted on service
without an advanced directive. The director along with a team of individuals developed a plan
including goals, objectives, and a timeline to address the issue. This is an example of which of the
following approaches?
, A. Risk management project.
B. Performance improvement project.
C. Client care initiative.
D. Palliative care project. - Correct answer: B
Performance improvement projects are an approach to design, measure, assess, and improve
organizational performance. Risk management differs in that it is a planned program of loss
prevention and liability control. Although this is an initiative that involves client care, the span of the
issue extends beyond direct care providers. Advanced directives are important in the context of
palliative care, but assuring that all patients have them relates more closely to organizational
performance.
The nurse is making a teaching plan for a client with Parkinson's disease to help him understand the
implications of beginning treatment with levodopa. Which of the following instructions should the
nurse include?
A. Change positions slowly.
B. Increase intake of foods with vitamin B6.
C. Increase the dose if twitching worsens.
D. Call the physician if symptoms don't improve in 1 week. - Correct answer: A
Because levodopa can cause orthostatic hypotension, the client should be cautioned to change
positions slowly to avoid dizziness, light-headedness, or fainting. The client should avoid foods high
in vitamin B6 and vitamin B6 supplements because they can reverse the effects of levodopa.
Increased twitching may be a sign of drug overdose and should be reported to the physician. Other
signs of overdose include palpitations, eye spasms, arrhythmias, and hypertension. When a client is
started on levodopa, it may take several weeks for symptoms to improve, so the client should not
expect immediate improvement.
The nurse is preparing to administer an I.M. injection in a client with a spinal cord injury that has
resulted in paraplegia. Which of the following muscles is best site for the injection in this case?
A. Deltoid.
B. Dorsal gluteal.
C. Vastus lateralis.
D. Ventral gluteal. - Correct answer: A
I.M. injections should be given in the deltoid muscle in the client with a spinal cord injury. Paraplegia
involves paralysis and lack of sensation in the lower trunk and lower extremities. Clients with spinal
cord injuries exhibit reduced use of and consequently reduced blood flow to muscles in the buttocks
(dorsal gluteal and ventral gluteal) and legs (vastus lateralis). Decreased blood flow results in
impaired drug absorption and increases the risk of local irritation and trauma, which could result in
ulceration of the tissue.
The nurse is evaluating treatment effectiveness indicators for a client who is being discharged from
the intensive outpatient drug and alcohol clinic. Which client behavior would the nurse evaluate as a
positive treatment outcome?
A. The client is following a regular sleeping routine.
B. The client is participating in scheduled group meetings.
C. The client is planning to engage in social activities.
D. The client is applying the clinic rules to others. - Correct answer: B
A client with a drug and alcohol problem who is participating in the scheduled group sessions is
making an effort to learn lifestyle changes, coping skills, and ways to maintain a clean and sober life.
Although it is healthy to follow a regular sleep pattern, this behavior is not a specific indicator of drug
and alcohol treatment effectiveness. Plans to engage in social activities may be repeating patterns of
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