JB Learning Registry Practice Test (annotated)Practice Examination questions from the JB online test.
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JB Learning Registry
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JB Learning Registry
You are giving a presentation to a group of laypeople on the importance of calling EMS immediately for cardiac arrest patients. What point should you emphasize the MOST?
A: CPR and defibrillation are key factors in patient survival.
B: Laypeople are incapable of providing adequate CPR.
C: Rapi...
jb learning registry practice test annotatedpractice examination questions from the jb online test
you are giving a presentation to a group of laypeople on the importance of calling ems immediately
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JB Learning Registry Practice Test
(annotated)
You are giving a presentation to a group of laypeople on the importance of calling EMS
immediately for cardiac arrest patients. What point should you emphasize the MOST?
A: CPR and defibrillation are key factors in patient survival.
B: Laypeople are incapable of providing adequate CPR.
C: Rapid transport significantly reduces patient mortality.
D: Cardiac drug therapy is the most important EMS treatment. - Answer A: CPR and
defibrillation are key factors in patient survival.
Early high-quality CPR and defibrillation are the most crucial initial treatments to provide
to a patient in cardiac arrest. Adequately performed CPR can keep the heart and brain
oxygenated, thus increasing the chance of defibrillation success. Ventricular fibrillation
(V-Fib) is the most common initial dysrhythmia seen in adult patients with sudden
cardiac arrest and requires prompt defibrillation. Untreated V-Fib will rapidly deteriorate
to asystole, the mortality rate from which is very high. You should also advise the
audience that compression-only CPR has been linked to patient survival.
Prior to your arrival, a woman experiencing an asthma attack took two puffs from her
prescribed inhaler without relief. After administering supplemental oxygen, you should:
A: perform a detailed secondary assessment.
B: contact medical control for further advice.
C: provide immediate transport to the hospital.
D: administer one more puff from her inhaler. - Answer B: contact medical control for
further advice.
Before assisting a patient with any medication other than oxygen, the EMT must ensure
that the medication is prescribed to the patient and then obtain authorization from
medical control. In this case, the physician probably will allow you to help the patient
take one more puff from her inhaler. Generally, up to three puffs from an inhaler are
delivered in the field. It is important for you to ask the patient how many puffs were
taken from the inhaler before you arrived. The EMT must correct any airway and/or
breathing problems as quickly as possible. After doing so, a secondary assessment can
be performed.
In addition to supplemental oxygen, one of the MOST effective way to minimize the
detrimental effects associated with acute coronary syndrome is to:
A: reassure the patient and provide prompt transport.
B: transport the patient rapidly, using lights and siren.
C: administer nitroglycerin in 15 to 20 minute intervals.
D: request ALS support for any patient who has chest pain. - Answer A: reassure the
patient and provide prompt transport.
,JB Learning Registry Practice Test
(annotated)
Reason:
In addition to increasing the body's oxygen supply with supplemental oxygen, it is
extremely important to decrease oxygen demand and consumption. You can most
effectively accomplish this by keeping the patient calm, providing reassurance, and
providing safe, prompt transport to the hospital. Traveling at a high rate of speed with
lights flashing and siren blasting would clearly increase the patient's anxiety and the
heart's demand for oxygen. The decision to request ALS support is based on the
patient's condition and your transport distance to the closest appropriate hospital.
Unless contraindicated (ie, the patient is hypotensive, the medication is not prescribed
to the patient), nitroglycerin should be given in 5-minute intervals, up to three (3) doses.
The immobilization device MOST appropriate to use for a patient with multiple injuries
and unstable vital signs is the:
A: scoop immobilization device.
B: short spine board immobilization device.
C: long spine board immobilization device.
D: vest-style immobilization device. - Answer C: long spine board immobilization device.
Reason:
When caring for a critically injured patient with multiple injuries, the patient's entire body
should be immobilized. This is most quickly and effectively accomplished using a long
spine board. Vest-style devices or short spine boards take too long to apply and will not
provide full body immobilization. The scoop (orthopaedic) stretcher is effective for
maneuvering patients in narrow spaces but will not allow for full spinal immobilization
because of the vertical opening down the center of the device.
Which of the following statements regarding two-rescuer child CPR is correct?
A: The chest should not be allowed to fully recoil in between compressions as this may
impair venous return
B: A compression to ventilation ratio of 15:2 should be delivered without pauses in
compressions to deliver ventilations
C: The chest should be compressed with one hand and a compression to ventilation
ratio of 30:2 should be delivered
D: Compress the chest with one or two hands to a depth that is equal to one third the
diameter of the chest - Answer D: Compress the chest with one or two hands to a depth
that is equal to one third the diameter of the chest
Reason:
,JB Learning Registry Practice Test
(annotated)
When performing two-rescuer CPR on a child (1 year of age to the onset of puberty [12
to 14 years of age]), the chest should be compressed with one or two hands (depending
on the size of the child), and a compression to ventilation ratio of 15:2 should be
delivered. It is important to compress the chest to an adequate depth—one third the
anterior-posterior diameter of the chest (about 1 1/2" in the child). The chest should be
allowed to fully recoil in between compressions in order to maximize venous return to
the heart. If an advanced airway device (ie, ET tube, multilumen airway, supraglottic
airway) is not in place, two rescuers should deliver "cycles" of CPR; the compressor
should pause briefly so the ventilator can deliver two breaths. A compression to
ventilation ratio of 30:2 is used for one-rescuer child CPR. After an advanced airway
device has been inserted, "cycles" of CPR should not be performed; compressions
should be continuous at a rate of at least 100/min and ventilations should be delivered
at a rate of 8 to 10 breaths/min (one breath every 6 to 8 seconds).
Shortly after assisting a 60-year-old woman with her second nitroglycerin treatment, she
tells you that she is lightheaded and feels like she is going to faint. Her symptoms are
MOST likely due to:
A: a drop in her blood sugar.
B: an irregular heartbeat.
C: low blood pressure.
D: nervousness and anxiety. - Answer C: low blood pressure.
Reason:
Nitroglycerin (NTG) is a vasodilator; as such, it may cause a drop in blood pressure
(hypotension) in some patients. Signs and symptoms of hypotension include dizziness,
lightheadedness, and fainting (syncope), among others. For this reason, you should
always assess a patient's blood pressure before and after administering nitroglycerin. If
the patient's systolic BP is less than 100 mm Hg, NTG should not be given. The patient
is probably nervous and anxious, and may even have an irregular heartbeat; however,
hypotension is a more likely cause of her symptoms. NTG does not affect a patient's
blood sugar level.
You respond to a baseball field for a person who was struck by lightning. When you
arrive, you see one patient who appears confused and is ambulatory; a second patient
who is conscious, sitting on the ground, and holding his arm; and a third patient who is
supine and motionless. After requesting additional responders, you should:
A: proceed to the ambulatory patient, sit him down, and assess his mental status.
B: assess and begin treating the sitting patient first because he is obviously injured.
C: treat the conscious patients because the motionless patient is likely deceased.
, JB Learning Registry Practice Test
(annotated)
D: assess the motionless victim and perform CPR and defibrillation if necessary. -
Answer D: assess the motionless victim and perform CPR and defibrillation if
necessary.
Reason:
The process of triaging multiple victims of a lightning strike is different than the
conventional triage methods used during a mass-casualty incident. When a person is
struck by lightning, respiratory or cardiac arrest, if it occurs, usually occurs immediately.
Those who are conscious following a lightning strike are much less likely to develop
delayed respiratory or cardiac arrest; they usually survive. Therefore, you should focus
your efforts on those who are in respiratory or cardiac arrest. This process, called
reverse triage, differs from conventional triage, where such patients would ordinarily be
classified as deceased.
Which of the following is a physiologic effect of epinephrine when used to treat
anaphylactic shock?
A: As a bronchodilator, it improves the patient's breathing.
B: As a vasoconstrictor, it lowers the blood pressure.
C: As an antihistamine, it blocks chemicals that cause the reaction.
D: As a vasodilator, it increases the blood pressure. - Answer A: As a bronchodilator, it
improves the patient's breathing.
Reason:
Epinephrine possesses dual effects. As a bronchodilator, it relaxes the smooth muscle
of the bronchioles and improves the patient's breathing. As a vasoconstrictor, it
constricts the blood vessels and increases the patient's blood pressure.
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) is an antihistamine; it blocks H1 histamine receptor sites,
which blocks the release of the chemicals (histamines) that are causing the allergic
reaction.
You are called to a residence for a woman in cardiac arrest. Shortly after starting CPR,
the patient's husband presents you with an unsigned document that states "do not
attempt resuscitation." You should:
A: stop CPR until the document can be validated by a physician.
B: contact medical control prior to continuing any resuscitative efforts.
C: stop all resuscitative efforts in accordance with the document.
D: continue CPR until you have contacted medical control for guidance. - Answer D:
continue CPR until you have contacted medical control for guidance.
Reason:
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