Client teaching for acute cholecystitis
Low-fat diet (decreases episodes of biliary colic)
Ambulate frequently
Manifestations of acute cholecystitis
Sharp pain in the RUQ
Evidence of Murphy's sign (pain with deep inspiration during right subcostal palpation)
What are patients with a...
NR 325 Final
Client teaching for acute cholecystitis - Answer Low-fat diet (decreases episodes of
biliary colic)
Ambulate frequently
Manifestations of acute cholecystitis - Answer Sharp pain in the RUQ
Evidence of Murphy's sign (pain with deep inspiration during right subcostal palpation)
What are patients with acute pancreatitis at risk for? - Answer Hyperglycemia due to
possible destruction of beta cells (Type 1 DM)
Physical findings of acute pancreatitis - Answer Grey Turner's sign (ecchymosis of the
flanks)
Cullen's sign (bluish-gray periumbilical discoloration)
What are expected labs following acute pancreatitis? - Answer Amylase rises within first
24 hours
Blood lipase increases slowly
("ases" are high)
What is a treatment to help with acute pancreatitis? - Answer NPO until the pain is gone
(allows the pancreas to rest and reduces secretion of pancreatic enzymes)
When diet is resumed: bland, high-protein, low-fat diet with no stimulants; small frequent
meals
What medication can a patient with chronic pancreatitis take? - Answer Pancrelipase
(aids in the digestion of fats and proteins)
Take medication with meals (3x a day) followed by a full glass of water
What is ascites? - Answer Bloating or swelling due to fluid buildup in abdomen or legs
If a patient has ascites, what do you want to restrict? - Answer Restrict sodium and
fluids
What is a primary cause of liver cirrhosis? - Answer Alcohol abuse
What could sodium do to a patient with liver cirrhosis? - Answer Cause fluid retention
What is a physical finding of liver cirrhosis? - Answer Petechiae
Nursing interventions for a patient with liver cirrhosis - Answer Diuretics
Low-sodium diet
Measure abdominal girth daily
Daily weights
What is a paracentesis? - Answer Procedure involving a large needle used to relieve
ascites
, NR 325 Final
Make sure the patient is supine with the HOB elevated
Paracentesis post procedure nursing interventions - Answer Monitor HR and BP (d/t the
risk of developing pulmonary edema or cardiac distress)
Monitor for increased RR with cough and blood-tinged, frothy sputum
What is hepatic encephalopathy? - Answer When patients have a poorly functioning
liver and it is unable to convert ammonia and other waste products to a less toxic form.
These products are carried to the brain and cause neurological manifestations
What medication is given to patients with hepatic encephalopathy? - Answer Lactulose
is given to reduce the ammonia levels in the blood stream via intestinal excretion
What is HPV? - Answer HPV is the most common type of STI. Some types can cause
genital warts and cervical cancers
What strains of HPV cause genital warts? - Answer Strains 6 and 11
What is HSV? - Answer Herpes simplex virus
Incurable viral infection, very common
HSV I: oral lesions
HSV II: genital lesions
What is syphilis treated with? - Answer Penicillin G IM in a single dose (safe during
pregnancy)
Doxycycline or tetracycline orally if allergic to PCN as alternative therapy (do not give if
pregnant)
What can occur if syphilis goes untreated? - Answer Nervous system changes (difficulty
coordinating muscle movements) and blindness; aneurysms; death
Route of transmission for hepatitis A - Answer Fecal-oral
Risk factors for hepatitis A - Answer Ingestion of contaminated food/water, especially
shellfish
Contacted with infected stool
Route of transmission for hepatitis B - Answer Blood
Risk factors for hepatitis B - Answer Unprotected sex
Infants born to infected mothers
Contact with infected blood (transmitted to healthcare workers via needle sticks)
Substance use disorder
Route of transmission for hepatitis C - Answer Blood
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