Nursing as a profession Patient centered
Professionalism
o Administer quality care
o Be responsible and accountable
Health care advocacy groups : FWJF / IOM
Benner’s stages of
nursing proficiency
Novice (us)
Advance beginner
Competent
Proficient
Expert
...
Chapter one
Nursing as a profession Patient centered
Professionalism
o Administer quality care
o Be responsible and accountable
Health care advocacy groups : FWJF / IOM
Benner’s stages of Novice (us)
nursing proficiency Advance beginner
Competent
Proficient
Expert
Definitions of American nurse Nursing is the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and
nursing Association abilities; prevention of illness and injury; alleviation of suffering through
the diagnosis and treatment of human response and advocacy in the care of
individuals, families, communities, and populations.
International Nursing encompasses autonomous and collaborative care of individuals of
Council of all ages, families, groups, and communities, sick or well, and in all
nursing settings. Nursing includes the promotion of health; prevention of illness;
and the care of ill, disabled, and dying people
Six Assessments Standards of Ethics Quality of Practice
Standards Diagnosis Professional Education Communication
of Practice Outcomes Perform Evidence-Based practiced and research
identification
Planning Leadership Environmental health
Implementation Resources Professional practice evaluation
Evaluation Collaboration
Code of A code of ethics is the philosophical ideas of right and wrong that define principles used
Ethics to provide care.
Professional Provider of care Clinical Nurse specialist
Roles Advanced practice registered nurse Certified Nurse practitioner
Nurse educator Certified Nurse Midwife
Nurse administrator Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist
Nurse researcher
Nursing Less nurses = its important to learn to use Time Management
storage patient contact time efficiently and Therapeutic communication
professionally. Patient education
Essential skills include Compassionate implementation of bedside
skills
Histor Florence Nightingale First practicing epidemiologist
y Organized first school of nursing
Improved sanitation in battlefield hospitals
Practices remain a basic part of nursing today
believed that the role of nurses was to help the body recover, and
the then remain free, from disease.
Civil war – 20th Clara Barton founder of the American Red Cross
century Mother Bickerdyke organized ambulance services
The Civil War, fought Harriet Tubma Underground rail road to help free slaves
from 1860 to 1865, Mary Mahoney as a noted nursing leader she brought forth an
stimulated the growth awareness of cultural diversity and respect for
of nursing in the the individual, regardless of background, race,
United States color, or religion.
, Lilian wald opened the Henry Street Settlement, which
focused on the health needs of poor people who
lived in tenements in New York City.
Twenty Century Movement toward scientific, research-based practice and defined
body of knowledge
Nurses assumed expanded and advanced practice roles
Changes in curriculum
Advances in tech and informatics
New programs and leardership roles.
Contemporary Importance of nurses’ self-care
influences Changes in society lead to changes in nursing:
Affordable Care Act (ACA)
Rising health care costs
Demographic changes
Medically underserved
Chapter 2
Health Care Uninsured patients
Reducing health care costs while maintaining high quality-care for patients.
, Challenges Improving access and coverage for more people
Encouraging healthy behaviors
Earlier healthy behaviors
Earlier hospital discharges result in more patients needing nursing homes or home care
National Promote best practices
priorities Promote prevention, treatment, and intervention.
partnerships Ensure person- and family -centered care
Make care safer
Promote communication and care coordination
Make quality care affordable.
Institute of Nursing need to be transformed by:
medicine (IOM) Practicing to the full extent of their training
Achieving higher levels of education through an education system that provides
seamless progress
Becoming full partners with physical and other health care providers in
redesigning the health care system.
Improving data collection and the information infrastructure for effective workforce
planning and policy making.
Health care Regulators and competitive approaches
regulation and Professional standards review organizations (PSROs)
Reform o Create to review the quality, quantity and cost of hospital care provide
through Medicare and Medicaid.
Utilization Review (UR) committees
o Review admissions, diagnostic testing, and treatments ordered by
physicians who cared for patients receiving Medicare.
Health care Patient protection and Affordable care act
Regulation and Access to health care for all
Reform Reducing costs
Improving quality
Provisions include
o Insurance industry reforms
o Increased funding for public programs
o Improved coverage for children.
Emphasis Health services pyramid
on Managing health instead of illness
population Emphasis on wellness
wellness Injury-prevention programs.
Preventive Reduces and controls risk factors
Primary Focuses on improved health
outcomes
Requires collaboration
Secondary Focus: diagnosis and treatment of
Tertiary diseases.
Disease management is the most
common expensive service of the
health care delivery system
Postponement of care by uninsured
contributes to high costs.
Hospital ED, urgent care, etc.
o Work redesign, discharge
planning.
Intensive care, psychiatric faculties,
rural hospitals.
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