WGU Biochem C785: Unit 4 DNA and RNA questions with complete solutions
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Course
Biochem C785
Institution
Biochem C785
WGU Biochem C785: Unit 4 DNA and RNA
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) Correct Answer: An organisms genetic material found in the nucleus of a cell
Double stranded helical nucleic acid molecule consisting of nucleotide monomers with deoxyribose sugar and nitrogenous bases (A, C, G, T) capable of...
WGU Biochem C785: Unit 4 DNA and RNA
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) Correct Answer: An organisms genetic material found in the nucleus of a
cell
Double stranded helical nucleic acid molecule consisting of nucleotide monomers with deoxyribose
sugar and nitrogenous bases (A, C, G, T) capable of replicating
Which nucleotides/bases are used in DNA? Correct Answer: A - Adenine
C - Cystine
G - Guanine
T - Thymine
RNA (ribonucleic acid) Correct Answer: A nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide monomers with a ribose
sugar and nitrogenous bases (A, C, G, U)
Usually single stranded
Functions in protein synthesis, gene regulation, and as the genome of some viruses
Central Dogma Correct Answer: DNA -> RNA -> Protein
DNA -> Transcription ->mRNA -> Translation -> Protein
The process by which the instructions in DNA are converted into a functional product
The flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA protein
Which nucleotides/bases are used in RNA? Correct Answer: A - Adenine
C - Cystine
G - Guanine
U - Uracil
Which nucleotides/bases pair together to form DNA? Correct Answer: A - T
C-G
Which nucleotides/bases pair together to form RNA? Correct Answer: A - U
C-G
Genes Correct Answer: A segment of a DNA molecule that information or directions on how to build a
protein
Gene Expression Correct Answer: When a gene in DNA is "turned on" or used to make the protein is
specifies
, Includes 2 Stages: Transcription and Translation
Nucleotides Correct Answer: Basic units of DNA molecule, composed of a sugar, a phosphate, and one
of 4 DNA bases
Antiparallel Correct Answer: The opposite arrangement of the sugar-phosphate backbones in a DNA
double helix (5'-3', 3'-5')
Complementary (coding) Strand Correct Answer: A strand of DNA or RNA that has complementary bases
to the template strand, another strand of DNA or RNA
Ex/ During DNA replication, the new strand that is formed is a complementary strand
Complementary Bases: A-U, C-G
Runs in 5' to 3' direction
Template DNA Correct Answer: The piece of DNA that the RNA polymerase enzyme assembles the
messenger (mRNA) along.
Called a template because it fits the formal definition fo a template
Coding DNA Correct Answer: The opposite strand of DNA in the double helix
The complementary, antiparallel partner DNA strand
Also called the Non-Template Strand
Replication Correct Answer: The process of copying a molecule of DNA
Transcription Correct Answer: The process where a gene's DNA is copied and (transcribed) into an RNA
molecule to make a protein
3 Phases
- Initiation
-Elongation
- Termination
Initiation Correct Answer: The DNA molecule unwinds and separates
Elongation Correct Answer: RNA polymerase moves along the template strand, synthesizing mRNA
molecules
Termination Correct Answer: When a stop codon is reached and translation is stopped
The point at which the ribosome releases the polypeptide
RNA Polymerase Correct Answer: Enzyme that attaches to the DNA strand and moves to the promoter
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