NR 511 Final Exam with complete solutions.Identify the population most commonly affected by bacterial prostatitis
Acute bacterial prostatitis is commonly found in sexually active 30-50 year old men. Chronic bacterial prostatitis is commonly found in men 50 years of age and older
Discuss the p...
NR 511 Final
Identify the population most commonly affected by bacterial prostatitis - Acute bacterial
prostatitis is commonly found in sexually active 30-50 year old men. Chronic bacterial
prostatitis is commonly found in men 50 years of age and older
Discuss the physical exam characteristics of acute bacterial prostatitis - warm, tense,
swollen, boggy, tender prostate. CVA tenderness. Bladder distention.
Discuss how the Phren sign can differentiate between testicular torsion and epididymitis
- Also known as the cremaster reflex. In testicular torsion, the testicle will not move but
in epididymitis, it will.
Discuss common symptoms reported in a patient with BPH - nocturia, frequency,
urgency, dysuria, decreased urine stream, overflow incontinence, and bladder neck
obstruction
Discuss the hallmark sign of varicocele - feels like a "bag of worms"
Identify the population most affected by testicular cancer - men 15-35 years old
explain spinal stenosis - narrowing of the spinal canal. facet joints become enlarged and
arthritic. spinal canal abnormality in all patients. severity is determined by degree of
encroachment of nerves
discuss common characteristics (subjective and objective) of patients with lumbar spinal
stenosis - subjective: leg pain > back pain, pain travels in a dermatome pattern,
numbness, tingling, and weakness. objective: diminished reflexes
Identify the red flags associated with back and neck complaints which warrant further
investigation - infection, cauda equine, fracture, structural deformity, HIV, cancer,
neurology, and organic pathology
define chronic pain - pain > 3 months, generalized pain symptoms, no change with rest,
continuous pain, and intensity changes with current mood
Identify the number of joints involved in poly articular disorder - 4 or more
Describe the four cardinal signs of inflammation - 1. redness
2. swelling
3. pain
4. warmth
differentiate between Dequervain's Tenosynovitis and Carpal Tunnel Syndrome -
Dequervain's tenosynovitis is an inflammation of tendons on the side of the wrist at base
of thumb. Swelling increases friction and pain with certain movements. main symptom is
pain at the base of the thumb
, NR 511 Final
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is when the median nerve becomes constricted and gives a
feeling of numbness. caused by repetitive activity of the wrist.
Finkelstein test - have the patient bend the thumb and wrap other fingers around.
pronate wrist down and positive if pain is present. pain is worse when grasping.
Phalen test - test for carpal tunnel syndrome. pt place back of hands together for two
minutes. if this causes pain or numbness then it is positive
Tinel test - tapping over the median nerve causing discomfort. positive for CTS
differentiate between lateral and medical epicondylitis - the difference between the two
is location. lateral is the outside of the elbow and medial is inside of the elbow. lateral
epicondylitis (tennis elbow) and sharp pain on the outside of the elbow and down the
forearm. pain occurs upon extention of wrist or supination of the forearm such as
gripping or twisting. medical epicondylitis (golfers elbow) is sharp pain radiating down
the arm from the inside of the elbow. pain occurs on extention of the wrist or supination
of forearm such as gripping, twisting or flexing at the wrist
discuss at least 3 vital body functions which thyroid hormones regulate - 1. breathing
2. heart rate
3. body weight
4. cholesterol levels
5. menstrual cycles
6. body temperature
describe a goiter and the type of thyroid dysfunction that can be associated with it -
goiter is an enlarged thyroid commonly caused from iodine deficiency or inflammation
(Graves or Hashimotos thyroiditis)
differentiate between over hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism - overt
hypothyroidism has a TSH > 10 and low FT4. subclinical hypothyroidism is an abnormal
TSH with normal FT4 and treated only if having symptoms.
differentiate between hashimoto's thyroiditis and grave's disease - both are autoimmune
and hashimotos causes hypothyroid and graves is caused by a goiter that causes
hyperthyroid
identify three risks associated with obesity - 1. diabetes
2. CVD, a fib, HTN, NSTEMI, varicosities
3. cancer
4. skin infections
5. arthritis
6. gallbladder disease
7. GERD
8. acute pancreatitis
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