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Summary Ieb Energy change and rate of reaction Notes
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Energy changes and graphs and rate of reactions
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Energy changes and Rates of ReactionsEnthalpy (H):
A measure of the internal energy (Ep) of the reactants or products
∆𝐻 = heat of reaction:
The net change of chemical potential energy of the system
Temperature:
The average kinetic energy of the composing particles
When heat is absorbed by a chemical reaction the Ep will increases and the temperature will decrease (Ek decrease)
∆𝐻 > 0
When heat is released by a chemical reaction the temperature will increase (Ek increase) the Ep will decrease
∆𝐻 < 0
∆𝐻 = 𝐻𝑓 − 𝐻𝑖
Exothermic Reaction:
Reactions which transform chemical potential energy into thermal energy ∆𝐻 − 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑠 ∆𝐻 < 0
BOND FORMATION
Energy is released to the surroundings
𝐸𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑚 𝑝𝑜𝑡 → 𝐸𝑘 (thermal disappears)
Releases heat and thus increases the temperature of the reaction mixture
Potential Energy Curve
Activated Complex
H
Ep
(kJ.mol-1) ∆𝐻 = 𝐻𝑓 − 𝐻𝑖
Ea
∆𝐻 < 0
H decreases
Hi Decreases
Reactants potential energy
∆𝐻
therefore
Hf
Products
thermal energy
Progress of reaction
Or
Reaction Pathway
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