Week 1
Unit 10:
Internal audit Examination of a company’s account after
bookkeepers and accountants by internal
auditors
External audit By independent auditors who do not work for
the company
Stock take All the goods held ready for sale
Account books All data of the company, like financial decisions
consulting Giving advice to the company
But then they aren’t independent anymore
Audit report The auditors give this report when everything is
approved
Irregularities When things in the company are not right yet.
Management letter A letter with things that has to be changed.
Qualified report An report which says that the financial
statements are not completely true and that
there are a few problems in the company.
Unit 20
Borrower Someone who wants more money than they
have available
Create credit Make money available for someone to borrow.
assets A company’s propperty, like stock
liabilities Things that are not from the company, like
borrowed money.
Reserve requirement A bank have to keep a certain percentage of
their assets as reserves so people can withdraw
their money
Corporate customers Business clients, clients like companys
Asses / Risk Assesment Calculating the risks
Liquidity Having cash available
Maturities Dates when loans will be repaid
Unit 21
Bonds Debts that pay interest and are repaid at a fixed
future date.
Merger When two or more companies join together
Takeover bid When one company offers to acquire or buy
another one.
Stocks / shares Certificates representing one unit of ownership
of a company
Deregulated There are now fewer restrictions and
regulations than before
Conglomerates Companies formed by mergers and takovers
Clearing banks They pass cheques and other payments through
the banking system
, Week 2
Unit 23
Monetary policy Trying to control the rate of inflation and
financial stability
Supervise Control other banks
Reserve asset ratio minimum percentage deposits a bank has to
keep in its reserves
Bank run When lot’s of people want to withdraw their
money
Lender of last resort Central bank lends money to financial
institutions in difficulty
Bail out Rescue and help other banks
Exchange rate The price where currency can be converted into
other currencies
Supply How much is being sold
Demand How much is being bought
Currency markets Supply and demand for foreign currency
Unit 24
Interest rate The cost of borrowing money
Labour Paid work, manpower
Output Amount of goods produced
Employment Number of jobs in country
Disount rate The cost of a short-term fund to commercial
banks
Base rate The rate banks charge their most reliable
customers
Creditworthness/standing/rating The lenders ability to pay the debts
Mortgages A borrow to buy a house.
Overdrafts A debt on a bank account
Hire/leasing purchase When a person hires goods, until he can pay for
it
Unit 25
Cash flow Incoming and outgoing money
Money markets A network of corporations and investorswich
need to borrow or invest capital
Treasury bills Bonds issued by governments
Maturity The lengt of time before a bond becomes
repaybale
Commercial paper Short-term loan issued by major companies
Certificates of deposit Written promises to repay a debt
Repurchase agreement A combination of two transactions. The dealers
(Repo) sells the securities to an investor, and after a
few weeks he buys the securities back.
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